this study was conducted to investigate the effects of planting date, foliar application of benomyl fungicide and potassium silicate in improving the quality of soybean (cv. williams) seed in gorgan during 2011 and 2012. in the first year (2011), the experimental treatments were including planting dates (april 20, may 13, june 3, june 29 and july 22) and foliar application of benomyl fungicide ...

Hybrids of the model BSA protein and layered silicate clay with d spacing of approximately 62 A were prepared from either direct or stepwise intercalation. The pristine montmorilloinite (Na+-MMT) was first modified by poly(oxyalkylene)-amine salts (POP- and POE-amine) of 2000 g/mol Mw to a gallery-expanded silicate (d spacing=53 and 18 A, respectively), which became accessible for BSA protein e...

Silicate glass has been used for long time because of its advantages from material's viewpoint. In this paper, we report the observation of Pockels effect by Mach-Zehnder interferometer in polycrystalline ceramics made from a ternary silicate glass via crystallization due to heat-treatment, i.e., glass-ceramics. Since the silicate system is employed as the precursor, merits of glass material ar...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP) was adopted for direct analysis of silicate in seawater, eliminating necessity for pre-treatment. Via this method, the determination of silicate is rapid and easy compared with conventional methods of colorimetry. In seawater analysis, a decrease of sensitivity of about 24% was observed due to interference by coexisting elements, mai...

The use of the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technique to perform time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy analysis of the synthesis of SBA-15 silicate is reported. This spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate the assembly of surfactants and silicate species as well as surfactant micellization, as infrared bands are sensitive to local polarity and conformation of the surfactant chains. ...

Thermal stability of a porous low-k film is a critical issue for application consideration in the back-end-of-line. In this study, thermal stability of the porous silicate has been investigated by changing the thermal processing temperatures. Experimental results have shown that the dielectric constant of the porous silicate still remains below 2.0 after thermal processing at 500 8C for 1 h. A ...

An accurate knowledge of the mineralogy (chemical composition and crystal structure) of the silicate dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) is crucial for understanding its origin in evolved stars, the physical and chemical processing in the ISM, and its subsequent incorporation into protostellar nebulae, protoplanetary disks and cometary nuclei where it is subjected to further processing. While...

Silicate dust grains in the interstellar medium are known to be mostly amorphous, yet crystalline silicate grains have been observed in many long-period comets and in protoplanetary disks. Annealing of amorphous silicate grains into crystalline grains requires temperatures > ∼ 1000K, but exposure of dust grains in comets to such high temperatures is incompatible with the generally low temperatu...

To get en enhanced understanding of water in the planet forming region of protoplanetary disks, it is important to understand how dust, which is the main source of opacity affects the mid-IR emission of water. Therefore, this thesis presents a comprehensive study of the connection between the mid-IR water emission and the peak strength of the 10 μm silicate feature. Besides the investigation of...

Experimental chemistry and atomic modelling studies were performed here to investigate a novel ionic co-substitution in hydroxyapatite (HA). Zinc, silicate co-substituted HA (ZnSiHA) remained phase pure after heating to 1100 °C with Zn and Si amounts of 0.6 wt% and 1.2 wt%, respectively. Unique lattice expansions in ZnSiHA, silicate Fourier transform infrared peaks and changes to the hydroxyl I...