1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 3Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; 4Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University...

Citation: Perezgonzalez JD (2015) The meaning of significance in data testing. are showing apparently reasonable but inherently flawed positions against data testing techniques (often called hypothesis testing techniques, even when they do not test hypotheses but assume them true for testing purposes). These positions are such as banning testing explicitly and most inferential statistics implic...

Multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are plasma cell disorders of aging. The landscape of the diagnosis and management of MM and MGUS are rapidly changing. This article provides an updated understanding of the clinical presentation, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of older adults with MM and MGUS. Because most oncology providers are not forma...

The Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) software is a very practical tool for detecting significantly expressed genes and controlling the proportion of falsely detected genes, the False Discovery Rate (FDR). However, SAM tends to find biased estimates of the FDR. We show that the same method with the data replaced by rank scores does not have this tendency. We discuss the choice of the r...

We calculate the values of the second moment M s 2 of the flavorsinglet structure function F s 2 for the pion and the kaon in QCD sum rules, and investigate how the results depend on their flavor structure (quark contents). Our calculations give similar values of M s 2 for these two mesons, because of cancellation among several non-small factors. We emphasize that decay constants, meson masses ...

We are motivated by the following question concerning the direct product of graphs. If A×C ∼= B×C , what can be said about the relationship betweenA and B? If cancellation fails, what properties must A and B share?We define a structural equivalence relation∼ (called similarity) on graphs, weaker than isomorphism, for which A× C ∼= B× C implies A ∼ B. Thus cancellation holds, up to similarity. M...

BACKGROUND While journals and reporting guidelines recommend the presentation of confidence intervals, many authors adhere strictly to statistically significant testing. Our objective was to determine what proportions of not statistically significant (NSS) cardiovascular trials include potentially clinically meaningful effects in primary outcomes and if these are associated with authors' conclu...