The Probiotics is “a live microbial feed supplement which beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance” (Fuller, 1992). The scientific shrimp culture started during 1980s. There is about 1.2 million hectare of brackish water available for shrimp culture in India. This shrimp culture is carried out by traditional, extensive, semiintensive and intensive method...

The present work evaluated three high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes exhumed from two shrimp farming ponds in the northeast of Brazil with nominal thicknesses 0.8 mm. CAM sample was bottom liner, and CAM1 slope both after 8.25 years field exposure same pond. third sample, called CAM2, another pond 3.0 service. It can be observed that environmental changed sample’s behavior compared to...

Causal evidence linking resource competition to species divergence is scarce. In this study, we coupled field observations with experiments to ask if the degree of character displacement reflects the intensity of competition between two closely related spadefoot toads (Spea bombifrons and S. multiplicata). Tadpoles of both species develop into either a small-headed omnivorous morph, which feeds...

In tropical shrimp ponds, the increasing of feed input, concomitantly with the stocking shrimp biomass, induces an eutrophication of the ecosystem. Although difficult to maintain, its stability is required to guarantee the success of the culture. A 110-day period of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton stock and dynamics in an earthen pond (1.2 ha area, 1 m depth) was monitored using flow cytomet...