نتایج جستجو برای: shopping trips
تعداد نتایج: 19368 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract Background Travel surveys show that the amount of private car driving in Norway has increased significantly since mid-1980s. Private for a long time been main mode transport retail and service trips, grocery shopping trips represent over 60% travels. Despite growing number studies addressing accessibility to daily destinations, best authors’ knowledge there are no examining these issue...
We document a decline in the frequency of shopping trips United States since 1980 and consider its implications for measurement consumption inequality. A as households stock up on storable goods (i.e., inventory behavior) will lead to rise expenditure inequality when latter is measured at high frequency, even underlying unchanged. find that most recently documented 1980s can be accounted by thi...
Advanced Traveler Information Systems offer the promise of better informed travel decisions and more efficient use of transportation infrastructure. However, no firm consensus has emerged as to how travelers decide to access information, or how they actually incorporate this information into their travel choices. This paper is designed to complement existing research in this area with results f...
Despite traditional four-step model is the most prominent model in majority of travel demand analysis, it does not represent the potential correlations within different travel dimensions. As a result, some researches have suggested the use of choice modelling instead. However, most of them have represented travel dimensions individually rather than jointly. This research aims to fill this gap t...
The present paper demonstrates that treating multidestination trips (MDT) as single-destination trips does not involve any systematic upward or downward bias in consumer surplus (CS) estimates because the direct negative effect of a price increase (treating MDT as a single-destination trip) is offset by a shift in the estimated demand curve. Still, ignoring MDT can greatly underestimate or over...
The very definition of brand exploration requires the identifications of the set of brands that are already known to a consumer at t0. I construct this set using the first few months of purchase data which are not then used for the estimation. Choosing the length of the period used to calibrate initial conditions imposes a trade-off. On the one hand, the longer the amount of data allocated to r...
Negative consequences of car use along with deficiencies for investment in environmental friendly modes, have driven authorities to search for soft measure in order to encourage people for modal shift. The main objective of this study is to propose a model which describes car use behavior on parents’ work trips and how this relates to mode choice regarding their children’s school trips. A quest...
Shopping is a common activity in daily life. Not only do people typically visit multiple locations to purchase their goods, but the realization of a need to purchase a particular item may come at inopportune times. Most people carry scraps of paper for these moments to jot down reminders for themselves to purchase particular items. Furthermore, the typical household common area may have a publi...
نظام حق اختراع ایران پس از پذیرش موافقت نامه راجع به جنبه های مرتبط با تجارت حقوق مالکیت فکری(TRIPS)
قریب 8 سال است که ایران به طور رسمی تقاضای عضویت در سازمان تجارت جهانی را نموده است.از آنجایی که ورود ایران به این سازمان مستلزم پذیرش نظام تجاری چند جانبه واز جمله موافقت نامه (TRIPS ) که استانداردهای حداقلی جهانی را در مورد حمایت از اختراعات توصیه می کند- است و از آنجا که اجرای موافقت نامه(TRIPS) متضمن نتایج مهمی در حوزه های مرکزی توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی مانند بهداشت- کشاورزی- تغذیه- تحقیق و ...
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