A direct proof is given here which shows that instead of 6 complex numbers, the triangular mass matrix for each sector could just be expressed in terms of 5 by performing a specific weak basis transformation, leading therefore to a new textures for triangular mass matrices. Furthermore, starting with the set of 20 real parameters for both sectors, it can shown that 6 redundant parameters can be...

We conducted an AX-discrimination task to test for differences in perceived auditory similarity in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs and unrelated speakers. In addition, we performed acoustic analyses to find acoustic correlates that explain the differences in perceived similarity. Results indicate that unrelated speakers are significantly easier to distinguish than twins, but zygo...

Ecological adaptation is the driving force during divergence with gene flow and generates reproductive isolation early in speciation. Although gene flow opposes divergence, local adaptation can be facilitated by factors that prevent the breakup of favorable allelic combinations. We investigated how selection, genetic architecture, and geography have contributed to the maintenance of floral trai...

Beaming of relativistic ejecta in GRBs has been postulated by many authors in order to reduce the total GRB energy, thus it is very important to look for the observational evidence of beaming. Rhoads (1999) has pointed out that the dynamics of the blast wave, which is formed when the beamed ejecta sweeping the external medium, will be significantly modified by the sideways expansion due to the ...

In this paper, we establish a lower bound on the number of inducing simple n-gons in grid-like arrangements of lines. We also show that the complexity associated with counting the number of inducing n-gons in an arrangement of collinear segments is #P-complete.

We analyse the local stability of the high-temperature fixed point of the loopy belief propagation (LBP) algorithm and how this relates to the properties of the Bethe free energy which LBP tries to minimize. We focus on the case of binary networks with pairwise interactions. In particular, we state sufficient conditions for convergence of LBP to a unique fixed point and show that these are shar...

Hawking’s argument for black hole information loss is reassessed. A precise characterization of missing information in outgoing Hawking radiation is the entropy, computed from elements of the density matrix. The statement that these elements can be derived in a controlled semiclassical approximation is examined via a calculation of matrix elements of the stress tensor, and argued to be flawed b...

Geometrical properties of protein ground states are studied using an algebraic approach. It is shown that independent from inter-monomer interactions, the collection of ground state candidates for any folded protein is unexpectedly small: For the case of a two-parameter Hydrophobic-Polar lattice model for L-mers, the number of these candidates grows only as L. Moreover, the space of the interac...

The ability of humans to accumulate knowledge and information across generations is a defining feature of our species. This ability depends on factors that range from the psychological biases that predispose us to learn from skillful, accomplished, and prestigious people, to the development of technologies for recording and communicating information: from clay tablets to the Internet. In this p...

Purpose: To review development trends and possible relations between different cancers in Sweden and in other countries to better understand causing mechanisms. Materials and methods: We used publicly available databases on cancer incidence and mortality to highlight trends and trend breaks. The data were used for correlation studies between different forms of cancers as reported from different...