The rapid rise of shale gas development through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydrocarbon resources in the U.S. The rise of shale gas development has triggered an intense public debate regarding the potential environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing. This paper provides a critical review of the potential risks tha...

Differences in water-acquisition strategies of tree root systems can determine the capacity to survive under severe drought. We evaluate the effects of field water shortage on early survival, growth and root morphological variables of two South American Mediterranean tree species with different rooting strategies during two growing seasons. One year-old Quillaja saponaria (deep-rooted) and Cryp...

In recent years a great deal of research efforts in ship hydromechanics have been devoted to practical navigation problems in moving larger ships safely into existing harbours and inland waterways and to ease congestion in existing shipping routes. The starting point of any navigational or design analysis lies in the accurate determination of the hydrodynamic forces generated on the ship hull m...

Hydroelastic solitary waves propagating on the surface of a three-dimensional ideal fluid through deformation an elastic sheet are studied. The problem is investigated based Benney-Luke-type equation derived via explicit non-local formulation classic water wave problem. normal form analysis carried out for newly developed equation, which results in Benney-Roskes-Davey-Stewartson (BRDS) system g...

Extended shallow water wave equations are derived, using the method of asymptotic expansions, from Euler (or wave) equations. These extended models valid one order beyond usual weakly nonlinear, long approximation, incorporating all appropriate dispersive and nonlinear terms. Specifically, first we derive Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation, then proceed with Benjamin–Bona–Mahony Camassa–Holm in (...