Abstract With climate change and an increasing global human population, the concept of agroforestry is gaining economic environmental interest. The practice growing trees crops on same land mainly applied in (sub)tropical rarer temperate areas where farmers fear decreased understorey crop yields due to competition with trees. However, whether stronger below- (soil moisture, nutrients) or aboveg...

We propose decoupled sampling, an approach that decouples shading from visibility sampling in order to enable motion blur and depth-of-field at reduced cost. More generally, it enables extensions of modern real-time graphics pipelines that provide controllable shading rates to trade off quality for performance. It can be thought of as a generalization of GPU-style mul-tisample antialiasing (MSA...

CBCT images suffer from acute shading artifacts primarily due to scatter. Numerous image-domain correction algorithms have been proposed in the literature that use patient-specific planning CT images to estimate shading contributions in CBCT images. However, in the context of radiosurgery applications such as gamma knife, planning images are often acquired through MRI which impedes the use of p...

Shading has a great impact to the human perception of 3D objects. Thus, in order to create or to deform a 3D object, it seems natural to manipulate its perceived shading. This paper presents a new solution for the software implementation of this idea. Our approach is based on the ability of a user to coarsely draw a shading, under different lighting directions. With this intuitive process, user...

Previous studies have demonstrated that the perception of shading is based upon assumptions about lighting direction, for example, light from above. However, it is not clear whether these assumptions are used in the perception of cast shadows. Moreover, it is unclear whether a perceptual interaction exists between shading and cast shadows because until now they have been studied separately. In ...

Light is an important resource for plant growth and development, crops need to change their physiological characteristics to different light environments. Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv. Toyonoka. is an important economic plant which is widely planted at home. A greenhouse experiment was conducted from April 2010 with different sun-shading treatment, 85% (CK), 60% (T1), 35% (T2) and 10% (T3). After...

During maize development and reproduction, shading stress is an important abiotic factor influencing grain yield. To elucidate the genetic basis of shading stress in maize, an F(2:3) population derived from two inbred lines, Zhong72 and 502, was used to evaluate the performance of six traits under shading treatment and full-light treatment at two locations. The results showed that shading treat...