OBJECTIVE The interaction between MK-801, a model of psychosis and KCl-induced depolarization or electroconvulsive shock (ECS), a therapeutic model of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), was investigated in SH-SY5Y cells and the rat frontal cortex. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with 1 microM MK-801 for 15 min, followed by cotreatment with 100 mM KCl for 5 min. MK-801 was reintroduced aft...

miR-135a-5p was reported to play a crucial role in the protective effects of hydrogen sulfide against Parkinson's disease (PD) by targeting rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2). However, the role of another member of miR-135 family (miR-135b) and the underlying mechanism in PD are still unclear. qRT-PCR and western blot showed that miR-135 was downregulated and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (G...

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive, well-tolerated, anticonvulsant plant cannabinoid, although its mechanism(s) of seizure suppression remains unknown. Here, we investigate the effect of CBD and the structurally similar cannabinoid, cannabigerol (CBG), on voltage-gated Na(+) (NaV) channels, a common anti-epileptic drug target. CBG's anticonvulsant potential was also assessed in vivo. CBD e...

We employed transcriptome analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor related gene expression changes in cellular and animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). We used a well-known Parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP⁺) to induce neuronal apoptosis in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. The MPP⁺-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells was capable of inducing neuro-apoptosis, but it rem...

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting motor neurons, is the most common genetic cause of infant death. This incurable disease is caused by the absence of a functional SMN1 gene and a reduction in full length survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein. In this study, a neuroprotective function of SMN was investigated in differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells usi...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is involved in neuronal cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Liriope platyphylla (LP) has been suggested to have anti-inflammation, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effects. However, whether LP exerts neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells is unknown. METHODS The present study was performed to investigate the neuroprotective eff...

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (MDHB) against t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) and the underlying mechanisms. SH-SY5Y were cultured in DMEM + 10% FBS for 24 h and pretreated with different concentrations of MDHB or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) for 4 h prior to the addition of 40 μM TBHP...

Neuroblastomas and cell lines derived from these tumors bear the oncodevelopmental antigen polysialic acid (PSA) bound to the neural cell adhesion molecule. Polysialyation of neural cell adhesion molecule can be achieved by two different polysialyltransferases, ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV. This study was undertaken to investigate the pattern of polysialyltransferases expressed in the human neuroblast...

An oxidative stress insult is one of the principal causes of Parkinson's disease. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a constituent extracted from Astragalus membranaceus, has been demonstrated to exert antioxidant effects. However, the mechanisms responsible for the antioxidant properties and neuroprotective effects of AS-IV remain unclear. In this study, we examined the protective effects of AS-IV agai...

BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor crizotinib has proven to be effective in the treatment of ALK-mutated neuroblastoma, but crizotinib resistance was commonly observed in patients. We aimed to overcome crizotinib resistance by combining with the MEK inhibitor trametinib or low-dose metronomic (LDM) topotecan in preclinical neuroblastoma models. METHODS We selected a panel o...