Sex differences in longevity and aging are seen throughout the animal kingdom. These are likely to result, in part, from sex differences in endocrinology. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, males are the longer-lived sex. Here we explore the possibility that sex differences in insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and steroid endocrinology contribute to this sex difference in aging ...

of the 3H-label in their experiments is associated with the cells is difficult to interpret. Although some of the experiments by Hammes et al. are consistent with their “bound steroid” hypothesis (see, for example, Figure 2A), others are not (for example, see Figures 2B and 2C). At a concentration of 1 nM DHT plus 1 nM SHBG, 50% of the steroid exists in the free form. One nanomole of DHTSHBG an...

Background: The bioactive androgens testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) regulate bone and fat mass in men. The effects of androgens are largely determined by the rate of their synthesis and inactivation. Irreversible conjugation of androgens or androgen metabolites by UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) into water-soluble glucuronidated androgen metabolites plays an important role in...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease characterized primarily by chronic inflammatory synovitis and is well-known to be associated with significant sex differences in its prevalence and clinical features. Sex steroids have been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA, but details pertaining to the expression of sex steroid receptors in RA synovial tissue have yet to be fully characte...

Recent years have witnessed substantially increased research regarding sex differences in pain. The expansive body of literature in this area clearly suggests that men and women differ in their responses to pain, with increased pain sensitivity and risk for clinical pain commonly being observed among women. Also, differences in responsivity to pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain interv...

Endometrial cancer contains estrogen and progestin receptor proteins. The receptor content inversely correlates with histologic differentiation. The correlation between receptor content and histologic subtype and stage of the disease may depend upon the degree of differentiation of the tumor. The status of the peritoneal cytology and depth of myometrial invasion by tumor do not correlate with t...

Triglyceride metabolism was investigated in groups of fed and fasted rats after 21 days of parenteral estradiol (5 mug daily), progesterone (5 mg daily), or the two steroids in combination. Results were compared with control groups receiving an oil solvent alone. In rats given estradiol separately or combined with progesterone, hypertriglyceridemia was uniformly associated with increased plasma...