Rampant terrorism poses a serious threat to the national security of many countries worldwide, particularly due separatism and extreme nationalism. This paper focuses on development application temporal self-exciting point process model terror data three countries: US, Turkey, Philippines. To account for occurrences with same time-stamp, this introduces order mark reward term in parameter selec...

This qualitative paper, mostly based on secondary data, investigates the principles and practices of Federalism in united Pakistan that led to emergence ethno-based Bengali nationalism finally separation East Pakistan. was adopted as a form government unite various ethno-nationals, linguistic cultural groups but it failed keep two wings together because its basic were not followed. It argues ge...

The diversity of American society raises concern. about whether authorities can maintain social cohesion amid competing interests and values. The group-value model of jusrice suggests that authorities function more effectively when they are perceived as fair (e.g.. benevolent, neutral, and re spectful). However, such relational evaluations may be effective only if authorities represent a group ...

Relating to harmonization and social in the religious community will always get special attention. Especially if a change progress is common goal as result of hard work people living side by with one another. Aware appearance conflict there also be integration which likened two sides coin. Where natural process people's lives. But these changes it not particularly placed on negative always. Thi...

This article examines what the legal and political implications are of recent Indonesian government’s decision designating Free Papua Movement (OPM) as a terrorist organization. For that purpose, armed separatism in West will be explained then followed by an elaboration threat terrorism Indonesia discussion labelling OPM The designation apply anti-terrorism law gives longer pre-trial detention ...