African youth face great challenges and opportunities. Positive development (PYD) programs have the potential to support in Africa reach their full potential. Yet PYD approaches must be tailored if they are contextually culturally responsive relevant. The purpose of this paper is provide an evidence-informed description one such program, 4-H Senegal program. We first a conceptual background for...

INTRODUCTION Access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) becomes more and more effective in resource-limited settings (RLS). However, this global effort would be even more profitable if the access to laboratory services especially in decentralized settings was strengthened. We report the virological outcome and HIV-1 drug resistance in three West African countries using dried blood spots (DBS) sam...

BACKGROUND The 2012 London Summit on Family Planning set ambitious goals to enable 120 million more women and adolescent girls to use modern contraceptives by 2020. The Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (URHI) was a Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation funded program designed to help contribute to these goals in urban areas in India, Kenya, Nigeria, and Senegal. URHI implemented a range of countr...

OBJECTIVE To describe the sampling techniques and survey procedures used in identifying male clients who frequent brothels to buy sexual services from female sex workers in Dakar, Senegal, with the aim of measuring the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and investigating related risk behaviours. METHODS Surveys were conducted in seven brothels in Dakar, Senegal. Client...

CONTEXT Contraceptive prevalence is very low in Senegal, particularly among young women. Greater knowledge is needed about the barriers young women face to using contraceptives, including barriers imposed by health providers. METHODS Survey data collected in 2011 for the evaluation of the Urban Reproductive Health Initiative in Senegal were used to examine contraceptive use, method mix, unmet...

A major question for conservationists and evolutionary biologists is whether natural populations can adapt to rapid environmental change through micro-evolution or phenotypic plasticity. Making use of 17 years of data from a colony of a long-distant migratory seabird, the common tern (Sterna hirundo), we examined phenotypic plasticity and the evolutionary potential of breeding phenology, a key ...

Head and neck carcinoma (HNC) occupy the sixth place as the most frequent type of cancer worldwide. Next to alcohol and tobacco intoxication, other risk factors (RF) are suspected, including the human papilloma viruses (HPVs). The aim of this study was to highlight the prevalence of HPVs and histo-epidemiological characteristics of HNC HPV+ in Senegal. This is a prospective, multicenter prelimi...

The purpose ofthis case study is to collect and analyse data on the profile of mortality and its determinants in Senegal over the two decades following independence (4 April 1960). This is a new page in the history of Senegal, but any comparison with prior periods is impossible, since there are virtually no data on mortality during the colonial period, except in Dakar and SaintLouis. The study ...

Sequential passage of Cowdria ruminantium (Senegal isolate) in cultures of bovine umbilical endothelial cells has resulted in loss of virulence without loss of immunogenicity, as previously demonstrated. We have carried out further immunization of 39 Dutch sheep using in vitro attenuated rickettsiae of passage 21 and challenged these animals either with the homologous or with heterologous Cowdr...

During August and September 1988, we collected adult mosquitoes from 14 locations in the Senegal River basin to search for evidence of Rift Valley fever (RVF) viral activity one year after the 1987 outbreak, which occurred along the Senegal-Mauritania border. More than 62,000 specimens representing 18 species in seven genera were collected with carbon dioxide-baited, solid-state Army miniature ...