Apple (Malus x domestica) fruit size is dependent on cell division and expansion, processes that are subsequently regulated by plant hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins. In this study, we investigated the role of expansion in apple growth identified which two was more deterministic final size. Three cultivars different sizes were selected, namely, “Twenty Ounce” (large-sized), “Ro...

A set of plant-breeding technologies on the reduction of the allergenicity of food, i.c. the production of hypoallergenic apple cultivars by selection, breeding and genetic modification, is elaborated. The results of extended genomics and gene-mapping research on apple allergen genes (Mal d 1; Mal d 2 (TLP); Mal d 3 (nsLTP); Mal d 4 (profilin)) are supporting to these techniques. The RNAi appro...

Information gathering and processing in horticulture helps optimise control processes and can enable more precise farm management. Robotics and automation are helping make high resolution, timely, farm wide measurements for tasks such as yield estimation, crop health and soil analysis. An efficient means of storing and processing such information is to discretise it to individual trees. To auto...

Organic apple production in the eastern US is small and is mostly based on existing varieties, which are susceptible to scab, and rootstocks, which are susceptible to fire blight. This requires numerous sprays per year of various pesticides to produce acceptable fruit. From 2014 to 2016, we tested different arthropod, disease and weed management programs in an advanced tall spindle high-density...

In contrast to most temperate woody species, apple and pear and some other woody species of the Rosaceae family are insensitive to photoperiod, and no alternative environmental seasonal signal is known to control their dormancy. We studied growth and dormancy induction in micropropagated plants of four apple (Malus pumila Mill.) and one pear (Pyrus communis L.) commercial rootstock cultivars in...

BACKGROUND Domesticated apple (Malus × domestica Borkh) is a popular temperate fruit with high nutrient levels and diverse flavors. In 2012, global apple production accounted for at least one tenth of all harvested fruits. A high-quality apple genome assembly is crucial for the selection and breeding of new cultivars. Currently, a single reference genome is available for apple, assembled from 1...

A process for the combined recovery of pectin and phenolic compounds from apple pomace, the primary by-product of apple juice production, was developed. The process includes extraction of dried apple pomace with diluted mineral acid and adsorption of phenolic constituents by a hydrophobic styrene–divinylbenzene copolymerisate. After elution with methanol, the polyphenolics were concentrated in ...

4th International Workshop on Functional-Structural Plant Models, 7-11 june 2004 –Montpellier, France Edited by C. Godin et al., pp. 330-334 Within-tree diurnal evolution of net photosynthesis and transpiration of fruiting branches in two apple cultivars : influence of branch structure, geometry and orientation a structure-function modelisation approach Catherine Massonnet, Jean-Luc Regnard, Bo...