Diplochory is seed dispersal by a sequence of two or more steps or phases, each involving a different dispersal agent. Here, we describe five forms of diplochory and derive general characteristics of each phase of seed dispersal. The first and second phases of diplochory offer different benefits to plants. Phase one dispersal often results in escape from density-dependent seed and seedling mort...

in order to compare yield and agronomic characteristics of 38 new winter rapessed (brassica napus l.) cultivars along with okapi as check, a field experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design during 2009-10 cropping season with three. rapeseed cultivars showed significant differences for all traits at 1 percent probability level. in this research, es betty, nk karibik, n...

common vetch ) vicia sativa .l) is belong to fabaceae family and due to adaptation and tolerance to environmental stresses are considered. in this research, morphological and agronomic characteristics of 89 genotypes of common vetch ) vicia sativa .l) were evaluated in an augmented design under irrigated and drought stress conditions in research field of university of tehran at karaj in 2011. r...

Previous studies demonstrated the effects of polyploidy on various aspects of plant life. It is, however, difficult to determine which plant characteristics are responsible for fitness differences between cytotypes. We assessed the relationship between polyploidy and seed production. To separate the effects of flowering phenology, flower head size and herbivores from other possible causes, we c...

Population genetics models typically consider a fixed population size and a unique selection coefficient. However, population dynamics inherently generate noise in numbers of individuals and selection acts on various components of the individuals’ fitness. In plant species with seed banks, the size of both the aboveand below-ground compartments present noise depending on seed production and the...

scribed by a normal distribution Understanding the survival characteristics of hybrid corn (Zea y 5 [1/s√2p]exp[2(p 2 p)2/2s2] [1] mays L.) seed during storage is necessary to predict seed deterioration. This investigation tested one key assumption of the Ellis and Roberts where y is the relative frequency of deaths occurring at viability equation, namely, that seed survival is normally distrib...

in order to investigate the role of bacillus cogulans on yield of two forage corn cultivars, an experiment carried out at agricultural research center of tehran province during 2009-2010. the experiment design consisted of three randomized complete blocks in a factorial arrangement. investigated treatments consisted of the kind of phosphorus and cultivar. the phosphorus factor included of the a...

Offspring number and size are key traits determining an individual's fitness and a crop's yield. Yet, extensive natural variation within species is observed for these traits. Such variation is typically explained by trade-offs between fecundity and quality, for which an optimal solution is environmentally dependent. Understanding the genetic basis of seed size and number, as well as any possibl...

Bean seed weight and shape are important traits of different market bean classes. One of the first associations found between a genetic marker and a quantitative trait was reported by Sax ( 1923) for the relationship between seed pigmentation {P gene) and seed weight in common bean. More recently three types of molecular markers have been used to study the genetics of seed weight in common bean...