In its decision (2010/477/EU) relating to the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC), the European Commission identified the following points as focuses for monitoring: (i) 10.1.1: Trends in the amount, source and composition of litter washed ashore and/or deposited on coastlines, (ii) 10.1.2: Trends in the amount and composition of litter in the water column and accumu...

Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) have been detected in abiotic and biotic matrices worldwide, including the Arctic Ocean. Considering these chemicals' persistent and bioaccumulative potentials, it was expected that levels of PFCs, like those of many legacy organic pollutants, would respond slowly to the restrictions in production and usage. Temporal trend studies in remote areas, such as the Arc...

Surface-based inversions (SBIs) are frequent features of the Arctic and Antarctic atmospheric boundary layer. They influence vertical mixing of energy, moisture and pollutants, cloud formation, and surface ozone destruction. Their climatic variability is related to that of sea ice and planetary albedo, important factors in climate feedback mechanisms. However, climatological polar SBI propertie...

Inland pollutants input is a key impact factor for the coastal water quality of Bohai Sea. The and inland pollutant inputs were analyzed by using monitoring data recent years from State Oceanic Administration. results showed that more than 56% Sea area was unclean seawater in 2012, although improved gradually after time. In 2017, about one-third still had seawater. Inorganic nitrogen, reactive ...

anzali lagoon can be one of the most important wetlands called the world. this lagoon to support the most fish in the caspian sea is reproduced for the spawn, multiply, and sometimes live, to make the pond.much of rasht and anzali city sewage and agricultural waste area of the lagoon through rivers into the pyrbazar and increased levels of organic pollutants such as nitrite, nitrate, phosphate,...

anzali wetland is one of the most important aquatic ecosystems of iran located in south of the caspian sea. this wetland is a habitat for valuable fishes and aquatic animals which have an important role in life cycle of this ecosystem. agroup of the pollutants entering these wetlands is the persistent organic pollutants. this pollutants has a wide range of ingredients in the environment and are...