In 1903, Orton described a disease of the mulberry characterized by the " peculiarly enlarged portions of the aggregated fruit/ ' The disease was said to occur in Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Dr. M. B. Waite, Pathologist in Charge, Office of Fruit Disease Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry, states that specimens of mulberry fruits showing this condition have been received from vario...

High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of mycelia of Sclerotium rolfsii grown in broth medium supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) was carried out to estimate qualitative and quantitative changes in phenolic acids. Several phenolic acids, such as gallic, chlorogenic, ferulic, o-coumaric and cinnamic acids were detected in varied amounts in mycelia g...

Bioassay-guided separation with an eye toward antifungal activity led to the isolation of the new alkaloid 5-(1̀,1̀-dimethylallyl)-8-hydroxyfuro[2-3-b] quinoline (1) and the known biscoumarin daphnoretin (2) as the active constituents of the chloroform extract obtained from the leaves of Ruta chalepensis. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of their spectral characteris...

White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum Berk is a significant threat to garlic and onion industry in the United States. The pathogen produces a great number of poppy seed-sized sclerotia, which can survive in soil for many years. Populations of just a few sclerotia per liter soil can potentially cause severe disease and result in crop failure. Once the land has been infested, it is generally c...

Mimicry has evolved in a wide range of organisms and encompasses diverse tactics for defence, foraging, pollination and social parasitism. Here, I report an extraordinary case of egg mimicry by a fungus, whereby the fungus gains competitor-free habitat in termite nests. Brown fungal balls, called 'termite balls', are frequently found in egg piles of Reticulitermes termites. Phylogenetic analysi...

Essential oils from Ferulago asparagifolia Boiss., F. galbanifera (Miller) W. Koch, F. humilis Boiss. (Endemic), F. trachycarpa Boiss. growing in Turkey were evaluated against 15 microorganisms for their antifungal and antibacterial activity using an agar tube dilution and microdilution broth susceptibility assay, respectively. The essential oil compositions were investigated by GC/MS. Inhibito...