The clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis pass by acute, sub acute and chronic stages that mirror the immune response to infection. The later includes in succession innate, TH1 and TH2 adaptive stages, with an ultimate establishment of concomitant immunity. Some patients may also develop late complications, or suffer the sequelae of co-infection with other parasites, bacteria or viruses. A...

FORD J. W. and BLANKESPOOR H. D. 1979. Scanning electron microscopy of the eggs of three human schistosomes. Znternational Journalfor Parasitology 9: 141-145. The surface of the eggs of Schistosoma haematobium, S. japonicum and S. mansoni, examined by scanning electron microscopy, are covered with microspines. The spines of S. mansoni and S. haematobium are essentially similar; however, in S. j...

Schistosoma japonicum, once endemic all the East Asia, remains as a serious public health problem in certain regions. Ectopic egg embryonation in the liver causes granulomatosis and eventually fatal cirrhosis, so that prevention of this process is one of the keys to reduce its mortality. The embryonation requires cholesteryl ester from HDL of the host blood for egg yolk formation, and this reac...

Schistosomiasis is a communicable disease which commonly involves urinary bladder causing hematuria, or large bowel causing bloody stool. The common species encountered in this lake region surrounding Lake Victoria in Tanzania are Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni. Complications can lead to portal hypertension due portal fibrosis in liver, and fibrosis in lung can lead to pulmonar...

Schistosoma is a name derived from the Greek words (schisto means split and soma means body), because the body of male appears splitting longitudinally to produce a canal. Schistosoma is one of a trematoda but with separate sexes. Male is broader than the female and its lateral borders are curved ventrally forming long groove called gynaecophoric canal in which the female is held[1]. Schistosom...

BACKGROUND In Africa, many areas are co-endemic for the two major Schistosoma species, S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Epidemiological studies have suggested that host immunological factors may play an important role in co-endemic areas. As yet, little is known about differences in host immune responses and possible immunological interactions between S. mansoni and S. haematobium in humans. The ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of a genus-specific PCR that combines high sensitivity with the detection of different Schistosoma species for diagnosis in international travellers and migrants in comparison to standard microscopy. METHODS AND RESULTS The genus-specific real-time PCR was developed to target the 28S ribosomal RNA gene of the major human Schistosoma species. It was validated for ...

We have detected species, strain, and sex-specific genetic markers for the genus Schistosoma by Southern blot analysis of its DNA using cloned DNA segments of the Schistosoma mansoni ribosomal gene as probes. Restriction analysis of DNA from eight different strains of S. mansoni, from Africa and the Caribbean, revealed that the predominant or major DNA fragment containing the ribosomal gene uni...

In China alone, an estimated 30 million people are at risk of schistosomiasis, caused by the Schistosoma japonicum parasite. Disease has re-emerged in several regions that had previously attained transmission control, reinforcing the need for active surveillance. The environmental stage of the parasite is known to exhibit high spatial and temporal variability, and current detection techniques r...

The transmission in West Africa of Schisto&&a haematobium by Bulinus truncatus and B. globosus is well known (BROWN, 1980). On the contrary, B. senegalensis, widely distributed in the sub-desert and sahelian zone and associated principally with a temporary environment (BETTERTON et al., 1983), has been found naturally infected in Senegal and The Gambia only (VERCRUYSSE et al., 1985). In Niger, ...