We investigate the effective memory depth of RNN models by using them for n-gram language model (LM) smoothing. Experiments on a small corpus (UPenn Treebank, one million words of training data and 10k vocabulary) have found the LSTM cell with dropout to be the best model for encoding the n-gram state when compared with feed-forward and vanilla RNN models. When preserving the sentence independe...

Organic luminogens have been widely used in optoelectronic devices, bioimaging, and sensing. Conventionally, the synthesis of organic requires sophisticated, multistep design, reaction, isolation procedures. Herein, products melt-phase condensation benzoguanamine (BG; 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine) at 370–410 °C display interesting reaction-condition-dependent luminescence properties, inc...