The objective of this report is to prove that even after development of ischemic necrosis of the muscles and nerves, we can still save the extremity or the knee and even several days after arterial injury, perform arterial repair and other mentioned procedures. Thus we can retain a functionally satisfactory leg or knee joint, which is far better than classic above-knee amputation and utili...

Partial calcanectomy (PC) is an established limb salvage procedure for treatment of deep heel ulceration with concomitant calcaneal osteomyelitis. The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between the amount of calcaneus removed during PC and the resulting lower extremity function and limb salvage outcomes. Consecutive PC patients were retrospectively divided into two c...

During colony growth, leaf-cutting ants enlarge their nests by excavating tunnels and chambers housing their fungus gardens and brood. Workers are expected to excavate new nest chambers at locations across the soil profile that offer suitable environmental conditions for brood and fungus rearing. It is an open question whether new chambers are excavated in advance, or will emerge around brood o...

Ground movements during tunnel excavation are varied in magnitude and trend depending on several factors including the tunnel geometry, ground conditions, excavation methods, and support measures, etc. There exist several empirical and semi-empirical formulas available for predicting ground movements. These conventional methods, however, do not simultaneously take into consideration all the fac...

The late Pliocene is notable for the appearance of two new hominid genera as well as the first archaeological sites, generally attributed to the Oldowan Industrial Complex. However, the behavioral ecology of Oldowan hominids has been little explored, particularly at sites older than 2.0 Ma. Moreover, debates on Oldowan hominid foraging ecology and behavior have centered on data from only two re...

To cite: Kumar V, Surve A, Chandra P, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2016216729 DESCRIPTION A 3-year-old girl presented with poor vision OD since birth. The best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers OD and 20/40 OS with +1D in each eye. Esotropia of 45 prism dioptres (PD) was noted in OD. The anterior segment was unremarkable OU. OS...

INTRODUCTION Estimating groundwater inflow into a tunnel before and during the excavation process is an important task to ensure the safety and schedule during the underground construction process. CASE DESCRIPTION Here we report a case of the forecasting and prevention of water inrush at the Jinping II Hydropower Station diversion tunnel groups during the excavation process. The diversion tu...

AIM Retinal vein ophthalmodynamometric force (ODF) is predictive of future optic disc excavation in glaucoma, but it is not known if variation in ODF affects prognosis. We aimed to assess whether a change in ODF provides additional prognostic information. METHODS 135 eyes of 75 patients with glaucoma or being glaucoma suspects had intraocular pressure (IOP), visual fields, stereo optic disc p...

Automation in underground mining enhances safety and leads to economic efficiencies. After more than 50 years of research, automation tasks have gradually been growing out of the classic engineering/mechanical environment and require a sophisticated datamining treatment. The success of (mechanical) process automation has left only one remaining place in the coal-excavation process where human l...