In recent years, owing to the depletion of fossil energy and aggravation environmental pollution, conversion storage distributed renewable (such as solar energy, wind tidal energy) based on electrochemical technology have attracted extensive attention. Electrocatalytic processes with high efficiency selectivity play a key role in clean storage. With nearly 100% atomic utilization rate unique ca...

One of the objectives electronic structure theory is to predict chemical and catalytic activities. This a challenging target due large number variables that determine performance heterogeneous catalyst. The complexity problem has reduced considerably with advent single atom catalysts (SACs) and, in particular, graphene-based SACs for electrocatalytic reactions such as oxygen reduction (ORR), ev...

In article number 2010916, Srikanth Pedireddy, Pascal E. Saikaly, and co-workers report a facile synthesis strategy of single-atom catalysts (SACs) at room temperature by harnessing the extracellular electron transfer capability Geobacter sulfurreducens. This can be successfully extended for various transition metal SACs merely altering precursors. Without further heat treatment, dried exhibit ...

Single atom catalysts—SACs—have received intense interest in sustainable energy research due to their enormous application potential and broad catalytic scope. In particular, SACs anchored on molecular metal oxides—polyoxometalates (POMs)—offer unrivalled possibilities as models understand the function of these complex systems atomic level. Research questions which are difficult address for cla...

PURPOSE Ischemic insults give rise to severe visual deficits after blood vessel occlusion. In this study we investigated the effects of retinal stroke on the direction-selective circuit of the inner retina in a new adult mouse model. METHODS The inner retinal blood flow was interrupted for 60 minutes by ligating the ophthalmic arteries and veins in the optic nerve sheath. The optokinetic resp...

Establishment of an in vitro system that allows the development of testicular germ cells to sperm will be valuable for studies of spermatogenesis and future treatments for male infertility. In the present study, we developed in vitro culture conditions using three-dimensional agar culture system (SACS), which has the capacity to induce testicular germ cells to reach the final stages of spermato...

Safety-critical software systems are those whose failure or malfunction could result in casualty and/or serious financial loss. In such systems, safety assurance cases (SACs) are an emerging approach that adopts a proactive strategy to produce structuralized safety justifications and arguments. While SACs are recommended in many software-intensive safety-critical domains, the lack of knowledge ...

Nickel is a well-known catalyst in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. It currently used industrial processes as homogenous heterogeneous catalyst. However, to reduce the cost increase efficiency of catalytic processes, development single-atom catalysts (SACs) seems promising. Some SACs have already shown increased activity stability compared nanoparticle catalysts. From year year, num...

BACKGROUND Living birds possess a unique heterogeneous pulmonary system composed of a rigid, dorsally-anchored lung and several compliant air sacs that operate as bellows, driving inspired air through the lung. Evidence from the fossil record for the origin and evolution of this system is extremely limited, because lungs do not fossilize and because the bellow-like air sacs in living birds only...