some believe that ancient mythological and literary texts solely aimed to amuse and entertain, and were sprouted from their feelings and thoughts, and do not regard the study of the ancient and mythological stories as having the definiteness and clarity which science is known for it. hence, this is why mythological stories in reality convey the beliefs, nature, attitudes and the extent of human...

symbol is a term. a term or an index which has some paradoxical meanings, in addition to its conventional meaning. symbols are not innovated, they come from human's creative dreams and imaginations and they show unknown things.old men didn't think about their symbols, they lived with them. so we, as interpreters of dreams, should pay attention not only to the symbol by itself, but als...

The concept or symbol of the leopard in this research relies on its positive aspect, sometimes it is one goddesses and respected a courage, strength victory.

it seems that characteristics of utopias have been inscribed in the most ancient iranian myths on the one hand, and drawn in shanameh book by toos sage (ferdowsi) on the other hand. apparently, theme and pattern of utopia were included in var jam kard (a garden built by king jamshid) at first place that is the most ancient one of such towns and according to vandidad (chapter of avesta), it was ...

Nationalist sentiments characterize the Scotish James Macpherson’s Ossianic tales and the Persian Abul-Ghasim Ferdausi’s Shahnameh. Macpherson is remembered for his role in the nationalist Gaelic revival against the cultural dominance of Great Britain and Ferdausi is credited for enlivening Persian language and culture at the time of Arab dominance. However, Macpherson’s dual position, both as ...

abstract:   video embossed tiles, the tiles are fairly large group makes up period, the number of these tiles at golestan palace museum's main hall is used. the study of these works, illuminating many issues and matters relating to art is in period. the phenomenon is illustrated in qajar embossed tiles, cultural factors, social and arts related courses. in this article, the influence of cu...

azidahak (zahhak) has always been a strange myth among the other mythological characters in pre-islamic literature. is it possible to figure out a specific historical period for his life? or as avesta's image shows, we should consider him as a semi-human, semi-monster notion with three ugly heads on his shoulder? this article tries to put this figure on the spotlight and illuminate his rea...

0

in a profoundly impressive verse in shahnameh, sky is likened to red ruby. the present paper is attempted to probe into the background of the conventional belief regarding the relationship between sky and stone, for the semantic structure of the verse is composed in such a way that it is not possible to consider this relationship as being a conceptualistic viewpoint so that one may establish so...

Abstract In 1932, Basil Bunting was lodging with the Pounds in Genoa when he first encountered a French manuscript translation of Abul-Qasem Firdausi’s classical Persian epic Shahnameh (1010). Upon realizing that incomplete, decided there ‘nothing to do but learn and read Firdausi, so I undertook that’. By 1942 his knowledge good enough for Ministry Information send him Iran Royal Airforce, at ...