among numerous np-hard problems, the traveling salesman problem (tsp) has been one of the most explored, yet unknown one. even a minor modification changes the problem’s status, calling for a different solution. the generalized traveling salesman problem (gtsp)expands the tsp to a much more complicated form, replacing single nodes with a group or cluster of nodes, where the objective is to fi...

Among numerous NP-hard problems, the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) has been one of the most explored, yet unknown one. Even a minor modification changes the problem’s status, calling for a different solution. The Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem (GTSP)expands the TSP to a much more complicated form, replacing single nodes with a group or cluster of nodes, where the objective is to fi...

langerhans cell histiocytosis (lch) is the most common type of childhood histiocytic disorder with an incidence of 0.2 to 1 per 100,000 children under the age of 15 years (1). the clinical picture of lch varies from single system (s-s)bone or skin disease to multi-system disease (m-s) (2). we report a neonate with disseminated papulonodular eruption containing mononuclear cd1a and s100 positive...

In this paper, the notion of almost S^{*}-compactness in L-topologicalspaces is introduced following Shi’s definition of S^{*}-compactness. The propertiesof this notion are studied and the relationship between it and otherdefinitions of almost compactness are discussed. Several characterizations ofalmost S^{*}-compactness are also presented.

Constitutive law for shape-memory alloys subjected to multi-axial loading, which is based on a semi-micromechanical integrated multi-plane model capable of internal mechanism observations, is generally not available in the literature. The presented numerical results show significant variations in the mechanical response along the multi loading axes. These are attributed to changes in the marten...