Detailed analysis of continuous time-series data from regions undergoing rapid urbanization can accurately reveal spatial variations on short time scales. This study used the city of Changchun in Jilin Province, China, as a case study to analyze total and annual changes in area—especially decreases in rural settlement area—as well as regional differences in these changes and driving forces of r...

In Zhejiang province economic development and changes in nutrition appear to have increased both life expectancy and nutrition-related chronic disease morbidity. Life expectancy is longer in urban populations than in rural and in both urban and rural females. From 1997 to 2002 urban females had an average life expectancy of 81.4 years. In 2002 the estimated incidence of ischaemic heart disease ...

Rates of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) vary with geographic location. Research on risks for AUD associated with living in a rural versus urban setting is complicated by the varied systems used to classify geographic location. Studies comparing the prevalence of heavier or binge drinking and AUD based on a dichotomous urban/rural classification have mixed findings when compared with...

BACKGROUND The perception and prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in rural areas is poorly understood; the result is that most efforts at eradicating this harmful practice are concentrated in urban areas. The objective of the study was to compare the burden and perception of DV among women living in rural and urban Igbo communities of southeast Nigeria. METHODS This was a comparative, cross-...

BACKGROUND Rural populations have limited geographic access to radiation therapy. The current study examines whether rural patients with cancer are less likely than urban patients with cancer to receive recommended radiation therapy, and identifies factors influencing rural versus urban differences in radiation therapy receipt. METHODS The current study included 14,692 rural and 107,834 urban...

INTRODUCTION An estimated 2.8 million cancer survivors reside in rural areas in the United States. We compared the risk behaviors, psychosocial factors, health outcomes, quality of life, and follow-up care of rural and urban cancer survivors in Missouri. METHODS We used 2009-2010 Missouri Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to examine various health outcomes, behaviors, and psycho...

Background: To assess the oral health knowledge, attitude, practices and oral health status among urban and rural school teachers in and around Lucknow. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 797 school teachers of rural and urban, lucknow using W. H.O Oral Health Survey (1997) to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices and oral health status. Descriptive analysis was...

We analyzed socioeconomic, rural-urban, and racial inequalities in US mortality from all cancers, lung, colorectal, prostate, breast, and cervical cancers. A deprivation index and rural-urban continuum were linked to the 2003-2007 county-level mortality data. Mortality rates and risk ratios were calculated for each socioeconomic, rural-urban, and racial group. Weighted linear regression yielded...

This study compared the characteristics and treatment outcomes of rural adolescents with urban adolescents in substance abuse treatment programs in CSAT's Strengthening Communities for Youth (SCY) initiative. Using data from ten SCY programs nationally, the authors classified adolescents as rural or urban using Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes. We then evaluated changes in substance use ...

This study aimed to determine whether associations between the perceived environment and physical activity are moderated by urban-rural status among midolder aged adults. Environmental (safety, aesthetics, physical activity environment) and physical activity (total, leisure, transport) data from 3,888 adults (55 to 65 years) from urban and rural areas of Victoria, Australia, were analyzed. Mult...