Using a highly sensitive and specific chemiluminescence (CL) method, we detected the release of superoxide anion (O2-.) from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) stimulated by rubella viral antigen-antibody complex (VAAC) adsorbed on latex particles. The amount of superoxide anion produced by PMNLs was proportional to the amount of VAAC. Neither rubella virus alone nor antibody alone, ads...

A "microgram assay" is described in which solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for the determination of specific rubella immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels in micrograms per milliliter of serum. The quantitation was based on a standard curve obtained by using a reference serum, for which the specific IgG content was assayed by immunochemical purification. IgG was first puri...

A collection of synovial fibroblasts from 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 12 patients with osteoarthrosis or other non-RA disease has been examined for rubella virus antigens by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay with negative results. Eluates of synovial membrane prepared under conditions likely to dissociate antigen-antibody complexes have shown no rubella antibody. A sero...

Serum samples from patients with various forms of rubella virus infection were tested for antibodies to each of three viral structural proteins by radioimmunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In most sera antibody to E1 protein was the predominant species. Sera from patients with congenital rubella syndrome, however, contained significantly more E2 ant...

Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) was first known as a factor for red blood cell proliferation and differentiation. New studies show the effects of EPO on immune system. Objective: In this study, the effects of pretreatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on the anti-human leukocyte antibody (anti-HLA) titer were determined. Methods: Three groups of rats were sensitized with human...

The chemiluminescence of fluorescein derivatives is greatly enhanced when they are conjugated to proteins. We exploited this property in devising a chemiluminescence immunoassay for rubella antibodies. In this sequential "sandwich"-type assay, tubes coated with rubella antigen are used for antibody separation and goat antibody to human IgG conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate is used for ...

The interference of IgM-class rheumatoid factor (RF) in the solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) of rubella virus IgM antibodies was studied. Acute rubella infections did not significantly activate RF. False-positive rubella antibody results were obtained, however, when patients with raised RF levels were tested. If a low rubella IgG antibody titre was present, a high level of RF was required to ...

We experienced a case of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) due to infection after maternal antibody conversion with vaccine. The mother was immunized with rubella vaccine at 14 years of age, and was confirmed as having rubella-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody at the 1:16 level both at ages 26 and 30 during preceding pregnancies. At the second week of the third gestation, her s...

Rubella virus was isolated from the brain of a congenitally-infected, 12-year-old child in whom progressive mental and motor deterioration became evident at age 8 and 11 years respectively. The virus was initially isolated in a co-culture of CV-I cells with the trypsinized brain tissue; subsequently the culture of the brain tissue also showed evidence of rubella virus infection recognized by in...

Abstract Background There is a decrease in vaccine-specific antibody to certain vaccine-preventable diseases in children after chemotherapy, but the frequency of non-immune patients is not clear. In the present case-control study, was taken under investigation protection level to Hepatitis B infection in children 6 months after completing chemotherapy. Materials and Methods In this study 6...