The force exerted by a muscle is a function of the activation level and the maximum (tetanic) muscle force. In "maximum" voluntary knee extensions muscle activation is lower for eccentric muscle velocities than for concentric velocities. The aim of this study was to model this "differential activation" in order to calculate the maximum voluntary knee extensor torque as a function of knee angula...

X-ray absorption (or more properly, x-ray attenuation) techniques have been applied to study the moisture movement in and moisture content of materials like cement paste, mortar, and wood. An increase in the number of x-ray counts with time at a location in a specimen may indicate a decrease in moisture content. The uncertainty of measurements from an x-ray absorption system, which must be know...

Traditional three-dimensional gait analyses require the skilled palpation of anatomical landmarks to identify joint parameters and produce reliable joint kinematics. Functional methods have been developed to help improve the reliability and validity of identifying joint kinematic parameters. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a functional method could improve the between-day r...

OBJECTIVES To establish a digital subtraction radiography scheme for aligning clinical in vivo radiographs based on the implementations of an automatic geometric registration method and a contrast correction technique. METHODS Thirty-five pairs of in vivo dental radiographs from four clinical studies were used in this work. First, each image pair was automatically aligned by applying a multir...

We investigated changes in postural sway and its fractions associated with manipulations of the dimensions of the support area. Nine healthy adults stood as quietly as possible, with their eyes open, on a force plate as well as on 5 boards with reduced support area. The center of pressure (COP) trajectory was computed and decomposed into rambling (Rm) and trembling (Tr) trajectories. Sway compo...

Using a large plant level data set, this paper carries out an econometric analysis of the environmental performance of multinational …rms in the gold mining industry worldwide. The aim of the analysis is to determine if, by looking at the actual environmental performance of …rms (as opposed to inferring such behavior from location decisions), we can shed any light on important questions in the ...

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the postural control characteristics of individuals with and without a history of ankle sprain during single-leg standing by examining the relationship between various parameters of center of pressure (COP) and head and foot acceleration. [Subjects] Twenty subjects with and 23 subjects without a history of ankle sprain (sprain and control groups, respec...

One of the major problems in quantum physics has been to generalize classical root-mean-square error measurements obtain an measure satisfying both soundness (to vanish for any accurate measurements) and completeness only measurements). A noise-operator based commonly used this purpose, but it turned out incomplete. Recently, Ozawa proposed a new definition be sound complete. Here, we present n...