In this paper we investigate the internalization and cytotoxicity of nanostructured materials having the form of elongated rods, with diameter of 200 nm and lengths 1 – 10 μm. The rods were made from the controlled aggregation of sub-10 nm iron oxide nanoparticles. Recently, we have shown that the nanorods inherited the superparamagnetic property of the particles. These rods can actually be mov...

Three-dimensional phase-field simulations are employed to investigate rod-type eutectic growth morphologies in confined geometry. Distinct steady-state solutions are found to depend on this confinement effect with the rod array basis vectors and their included angle (α) changing to accommodate the geometrical constraint. Specific morphologies are observed, including rods of circular cross secti...

Cytoskeletal polymers are organized into a wide variety of higher-order structures in cells. The yeast BAR domain protein Pil1 self-assembles into tubules in vitro, and forms linear polymers at cortical eisosomes in cells. In the fission yeast S. pombe, over-expressed Pil1 forms thick rods that detach from the plasma membrane. In this study, we used thin-section electron microscopy to determine...

A prime goal of regenerative medicine is to direct cell fates in a therapeutically useful manner. Retinitis pigmentosa is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the eye and is associated with early rod photoreceptor death followed by secondary cone degeneration. We hypothesized that converting adult rods into cones, via knockdown of the rod photoreceptor determinant Nrl, could make the...

Ultrathin sections containing Auer rods from cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AMyL) were tilted in the goniometer stage of the electron microscope and the resulting series of electronmicrographs analysed in an optical diffractometer illuminated by laser. The results showed that Auer rods of AMyL show a truly three dimensional crystal structure. Measurements from the optical diffraction pa...

STUDY DESIGN In vitro fatigue loading using a corpectomy model outfitted with posterior pedicle screw instrumentation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect differences in fatigue resistance of titanium and stainless steel spinal constructs that use rods contoured using a French Bender, and to compare differences in fatigue resistance of contoured and straight titanium rods. SUM...

The activities of OPT-80 against 453 intestinal bacteria were compared with those of seven other drugs. OPT-80 showed good activity against most clostridia, staphylococci, and enterococci, but streptococci, aerobic and facultative gram-negative rods, anaerobic gram-negative rods, and Clostridium ramosum were resistant. Poor activity against anaerobic gram-negative rods may maintain colonization...

Five patients with Boyd type II congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia underwent excision of the pseudarthrosis and double onlay bone grafting. Stability was maintained by extending intramedullary rods. Clinical union was achieved in all cases at a mean of 8.6 months (range six to 11). The rods extended by 15.7% (range 2% to 31.4%) as growth occurred. One rod was removed because of infection an...

Previously, we reported that an opsin (Rc-MS) belonging to the SWS2 group opsins is expressed in bullfrog green rods [Hisatomi, O. et al., FEBS Lett., 1999, 447, 44-48]. An anti-Rc-MS antiserum recognized the cones of the Japanese common newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, which has no green rods. We isolated a cDNA encoding an SWS2 group opsin (Cp-SWS2) from this newt and found that Cp-SWS2 is expresse...

Electron microscope studies of vertebrate retinas (1-4) have established that the outer and inner segments of each rod are connected through the so called "connecting cilium" (2). Examination of a large number of sections of vertebrate retinas occasionally reveals however, abnormal rods whose outer and inner segments are in direct continuity. Morphogenetic studies of such abnormal rods can serv...