For simplicity, we adopt the following convention: x, x0, y, y0, r are real numbers, z, z0 are elements of R2, Z is a subset of R2, f , f1, f2 are partial functions from R2 to R, R is a rest, and L is a linear function. Next we state two propositions: (1) domproj(1, 2) = R2 and rng proj(1, 2) = R and for all elements x, y of R holds (proj(1, 2))(〈x, y〉) = x. (2) domproj(2, 2) = R2 and rng proj(...

Public attention to climate change challenges our locked-in fossil fuel-dependent energy sector. Natural gas is replacing other fuels in mix. One way reduce the greenhouse (GHG) impact of natural replace it with renewable (RNG). The benefits utilizing RNG are that has no when combusted and utilized same applications as gas. can be injected into grid, used a transportation fuel, or for heating e...

This paper proposes a road network growing model with the consideration of population distribution and central business district (CBD) attraction. In the model, the relative neighborhood graph (RNG) is introduced as the connection mechanism to capture the characteristics of road network topology. The simulation experiment is set up to illustrate the effects of population distribution and CBD at...

provide the notation and terminology for this paper. 1. POSET RETRACTS One can prove the following propositions: (1) For all binary relations a, b holds a · b = a b. (2) Let X be a set, L be a non empty relational structure, S be a non empty relational substruc-ture of L, f , g be functions from X into the carrier of S, and f , g be functions from X into the carrier of L. If f = f and g = g and...

The formation and liquid-liquid extraction of ion-association complexes between gallium(III)-4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) anionic chelates and cations of four ditetrazolium chlorides (DT2+) were studied: Neotetrazolium chloride (NTC), Blue Tetrazolium chloride (BTC), Nitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride (NBT) and Tetranitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride (TNBT). The optimum extraction-spectrophotomet...

This study evaluates the idea that consciousness is creating an influence on the environment in a way that makes random systems (Random Number Generator – RNG) become more ordered. This evaluation is combined with an exploration of two, potentially, influencing factors: distance from the target and awareness of the target. The experimental procedure was based upon data derived from meditating g...

We o er a set of public-domain tools to aid the development and test of pseudorandom Clanguage computer programs running under 4.3bsd Unix. Our tools make it easier to reproduce experimental results, to report them in a standardized format, and to check their validity by using a di erent random number generator (RNG). Furthermore, the tools should help users avoid some of the common pitfalls in...

The unsteady separated turbulent flow around an oscillating airfoil pitching in a sinusoidal pattern in the regime of low Reynolds number is investigated numerically employing the URANS approach with two advanced turbulence models, namely the RNG kmode and Transition SST model, and the DES approach based on the SST kmodel. A comparison with experimental data shows that the SST kbased D...

We call a distribution on n–bit strings (ε, e)–locally random, if for every choice of e ≤ n positions the induced distribution on e–bit strings is in the L1–norm at most ε away from the uniform distribution on e–bit strings. We establish local randomness in polynomial random number generators (RNG) that are candidate one–way functions. Let N be a squarefree integer and let f1, . . . , f` be pol...