The proteins of the large subunit of rat liver ribosomes were separated into seven groups by stepwise elution from carboxymethylcellulose with LiCl at pH 6.5. Seventeen proteins (L4, L5, Li’, L9, Lll, L12, L13, L21, L22, L23, L26, L27, L30, L33, L35’, L37, and L39) were isolated from three of the groups (B60, D60, G60) by ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose and by filtration t...

The proteins of the large subunit of rat liver ribosomes were separated into seven groups by stepwise elution from carboxymethylcellulose with LiCl at pH 6.5. Seventeen proteins (L4, L5, Li’, L9, Lll, L12, L13, L21, L22, L23, L26, L27, L30, L33, L35’, L37, and L39) were isolated from three of the groups (B60, D60, G60) by ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose and by filtration t...

The distribution of newly formed ribosomal proteins between cytoplasmic, nucleoplasmic, and nucleolar fractions of HeLa cells was determined. All but a few of the newly formed ribosomal proteins were concentrated 10- to 50-fold in the nucleolus and two- to fivefold in the nucleoplasm. Nevertheless, substantial amounts were found in the cytoplasm. Pretreatment of cells with actinomycin D to depl...

It was recently demonstrated that peptide bond formation can occur using an Escherichia coli naked 23S ribosomal RNA without any of the ribosomal proteins. Here, the six domains of the 23S ribosomal RNA were individually synthesized and shown to be capable, when complexed together, of stimulating the reaction. Omission and addition experiments indicated that the activity could be reconstituted ...

Synthetic biology constructs often rely upon the introduction of “circuit” genes into host cells, in order to express novel proteins and thus endow with a desired behavior. The expression these new “consumes” existing resources cell, such as ATP, RNA polymerase, amino acids, ribosomes. Ribosomal competition among strands mRNA may be described by system nonlinear ODEs called Flow Model (RFM). fo...

Protein biosynthesis is one of the key elements of gene expression in living cells. All proteins are synthesized on ribonucleoprotein complexes, the ribosomes. In bacteria and their derivatives— eukaryotic mitochondria and plastids— ribosomes consist of a small and a large subunit which together comprise more than 50 ribosomal proteins and usually two to four ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). Synthesis o...

Translation in mitochondria utilizes a large complement of ribosomal proteins. Many mitochondrial ribosomal components are clearly homologous to eubacterial ribosomal proteins, but others appear unique to the mitochondrial system. A handful of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins appear to be eubacterial in origin but to have evolved additional functional domains. MrpL36p is an essential mitochondr...

Studies of ribosomal proteins have given insight to the function and structure of the ribosome. During ribosome assembly, individual ribosomal proteins that initially recognize rRNA must bind to the assembly particle in a certain order and work cooperatively, rather than independently (1). Two of these important ribosomal proteins are S7 and S8. Detailed study of these and other ribosomal prote...