history of underwater diving dates back to antiquity. breath-hold technique in diving was known to the ancient nations. however, deep diving progressed only in the early decades of the 19 th century as the result of advancements in efficient underwater technologies which subsequently led to invention of sophisticated sets of scuba diving in the 20 th century. currently, diving is performed for ...

OBJECTIVE Rib fractures are the most common injuries resulting from blunt chest trauma. The sensitivity of chest X-rays in showing the rib fractures is limited particularly in those involving the cartilage part of the rib. We investigated the possible rib fractures, those overlooked on chest X-rays, with the use of ultrasonography in minor blunt chest trauma. METHODS A total of 37 patients, w...

Background: Multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) is an inherited disorder of bone growth. People who have MHE grow or boney bumps on their bones that vary in size, location and number. Some localizations are rare but potentially serious such as ribs, spine pelvis due to proximity important structures. Objectives: The aim this case report was illustrate the clinical radiographic features some MHE...

constitutes 20-25 % of benign bone tumors (1), and has been estimated to be present in 1-2% of individuals based on extensive skeletal evaluations. The chest radiography findings in our case resembled those of a mediastinal mass lesion. An osteochondroma usually is composed of cortical and medullary bone that is continuous with the parent bony cortex and medullary canals. The clinical significa...

We report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with kyphosis resulting from a giant symptomatic costal osteochondroma around the left fourth rib. The osteochondroma on the left side of the back was 56 cm × 47 cm × 33 cm and was painful. The size and growth of the tumor suggested a malignant transformation of a large costal osteochondroma. Multiple osteochondromas were also found on the l...

Buccal exostoses occur along the buccal aspect of the maxilla or mandible, usually in the premolar and molar areas. It has been suggested that the bony outgrowth represents a reaction to increased or abnormal occlusal stress to the teeth in the involved areas. Gingival recessions may occur without any symptoms but may give rise to the patient concern about poor esthetics, dentine hypersensitivi...