The efficacy and safety of mono-octanoin, a cholesterol solvent for the direct dissolution of stones in the biliary tract, was assessed by collating case reports on 343 patients provided by 222 physicians who used the material between 1977 and 1983. Most patients had previously undergone cholecystectomy, with common duct exploration, the majority within the preceding six weeks. In most, sphinct...

Background—Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been used since the mid-1980s to fragment bile duct stones which cannot be removed endoscopically. Early machines required general anaesthesia and immersion in a waterbath. Aims—To investigate the eVectiveness of the third generation Storz Modulith SL20 lithotriptor in fragmenting bile duct stones that could not be cleared by mechanical...

BACKGROUND Secondary urethral stone although rare, commonly arises from the kidneys, bladder or are seen in patients with urethral stricture. These stones are either found in the posterior or anterior urethra and do result in acute urinary retention. We report urethral obstruction from dislodged bladder diverticulum stones. This to our knowledge is the first report from Nigeria and in English l...

Previous research on proteins that inhibit kidney stone formation has identified a relatively small number of well-characterized inhibitors. Identification of additional stone inhibitors would increase understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis. We have combined conventional biochemical methods with recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS) to identify a novel calc...

the objectives of this study were to 1) describe the risk factors, incidence, production and reproduction consequences of retained placenta in dairy cows, and 2) estimate the financial losses associated with retained placenta. calving records from march 2008 to december 2013 comprising 59,341 calving were included in the data set. the effects of risk factors on retained placenta incidence were ...

The treatment of bile duct stones has evolved from surgery to endoscopic management, which has a success rate of 90% [1]. Impaction of the lithotripsy basket during endoscopic removal of a common bile duct (CBD) stones is seen in up to 5.9% of the cases [2,3] and represents one of the most feared complications; as it usually results in open surgical intervention. We report our experience with a...

A 50-year-old woman with a history of uncomplicated Crohn’s disease presented for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for evaluation of acute epigastric pain, nausea, and bilious vomiting. EGD revealed retained food in the stomach and what appeared to be a large, approximately 2-cm obstructing gallstone in the duodenal bulb (Figure 1). After multiple instruments failed to retrieve the gallstone, a...

PURPOSE The aim of this report is to present photogrammetry as a reliable step in the fabrication of a full-arch immediate rehabilitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 59-year-old man attended the department seeking dental rehabilitation for the sequelae of severe oral health neglect. The mandibular teeth suffered from advanced periodontal disease and the patient wore a maxillary complete denture....

INTRODUCTION Closure of the common bile duct over T-tube after exploration is a widely practiced traditional method. However, its use may give rise to many complications. We do primary closure of common bile duct after exploration. Aim of the study is to see the efficacy and safety of the primary closure. METHODS Study was carried out to compare the results of both the techniques from 2006 to...