Gynodioecy is a sexual dimorphism where females coexist with hermaphrodite individuals. In most cases, this dimorphism involves the interaction of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) genes and nuclear restorer genes. Two scenarios can account for how these interactions maintain gynodioecy. Either CMS genes recurrently enter populations at low frequency via mutation or migration and go to fixation ...

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait in which plants fail to produce functional pollen and is associated with the expression of a novel open reading frame (orf) gene encoded by the mitochondrial genome. An RT102A CMS line and an RT102C fertility restorer line were obtained by successive backcrossing between Oryza rufipogon W1125 and O. sativa Taichung 65. Using next-...

abstract: one the most important problems in recent sensitive loads is the quality of voltage. for this challenge custom power devices are used in distribution systems. dynamic voltage restorer (dvr) is a custom power device that improves voltage, decrease power distortion, filter harmonics and balance distributed generations (dgs) with low voltage distribution system. in this paper, a new algo...

Author Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. Abstract: This letter presents a new method for the generation of reference voltage for a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). These voltages, when injected in series with a distribution feeder by a voltage source inverter, can tightly regulate the voltage at the load terminal against imbalance o...

This paper reports concerns of capacitor placement in power distribution systems in the locality of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). A feedback controlled simulation model of an actual DVR is developed to perform case studies. Cogency of this model is established by associat ing the waveforms from the model with field measurements. Issues relating to expansion of a DVR in the locality of power...

Custom Power devices like Dynamic voltage restorer and STATCOM are normally employed as a solution for mitigation of power quality problems like voltage sag and swell. In this paper new voltage sag compensators based on an autotransformer and an IGBT switched by PWM technique and Hysteresis Voltage Control (HVC) method are compared. These two schemes are able to recognize the voltage sag condit...

This paper presents an advanced dynamic voltage restorer with integrated energy optimal compensation (EOC-DVR), which combines the advantages of pre-sag and minimization compensation. The performance parameters EOC-DVR, such as compensatory capability, loss energy, duration compensation, can be balanced by this strategy. Additionally, impact on load is further reduced proposed method. By analyz...