A recent exchange on Benatar's book Better never to have been between Doyal and Benatar discusses Benatar's bold claim that people should not be brought into existence. Here, I expand the discussion of original position that the exchange focused on. I also discuss the asymmetries, between benefit and harm and between existence and non-existence, upon which Benatar's bold claim rests. In both di...

For biographical information on Warren, see her reading in Chapter 2. Warren explains and then attacks Regan's strong animal rights position, the view that nonhuman animals have the same basic moral rights as humans. She makes two criticisms of Regan's position: It rests on an obscure concept of inherent value, and it fails to draw a sharp line between living things which have inherent value an...

Equal distribution of suffrage is given a nearly “quasi-religious” status by democrats. However, the right to vote rests on a presumption of capacity, and knowledge and competence therefore are important features of democratic arrangements. Democratic theory often assumes that, in order for (representative) democracy to work properly, the average citizen should be interested in, and pay attenti...

This operation rests on the evidence of but a single case, but so many cases of ascites are intractable to all known methods of treatment, both medical and surgical, that it seems worth while drawing attention to this new operation. Moreover, it was performed in a most intractable case, in which all other treatments had failed, and it was attended with such instantaneous relief that further pro...

Competence in many domains rests on children developing conceptual and procedural knowledge, as well as procedural flexibility. However, research on the developmental relations between these different types of knowledge has yielded unclear results, in part because little attention has been paid to the validity of the measures or to the effects of prior knowledge on the relations. To overcome th...

Lean principles were originally developed in industrial operations as a set of tools and practices that managers and workers could use to eliminate waste and inefficiency from production systems—reducing costs, improving quality and reliability, and speeding up cycle times. Toyota Motor pioneered lean practices, and much of their allure today stems from the fact that the phenomenal performance ...

This paper is concerned with the centurv-old effort to determine the functiinal relations that hold between subjective continua and the physical continua that are presumed to underlie them. The first, and easily the most influential, attempt to specify the possible relations was made by Fechner. It rests upon empirical knowledge of how discrimination varies with intensity along the physical con...

Surgery as a discipline has perhaps been slower than other specialties to embrace evidence based principles. Today, surgeons all over Asia are prepared to challenge the dogma of yesterday. Surgical science which rests on a strong foundation of laboratory and clinical research can now be broadened to include the armamentarium of evidence based practice to advance surgical knowledge. The sheer vo...

We show cusps are dense in Bers' boundary for Teichm uller space. The proof rests on an estimate for the algebraic eeect of a unit quasiconformal deformation supported in the thin part of a hyperbolic Riemann surface.

rests on general observations deduced from dispensary and hospital records and mortality statistics. As regards health in the larger cities, because of the better facilities for collecting statistics there, it is known for certain that tuberculosis is exceedingly prevalent, but what the conditions are in the villages is largely a matter of conjecture. Many detailed surveys will have to be done ...