In large earthquakes, damaging ground motions may occur at large epicentral distances. Because of the relatively slow speed of seismic waves, it is possible to construct a system to provide short-term warning (as much as several tens of seconds) of imminent strong ground motions from major earthquakes. Automated safety responses could be triggered by users after receiving estimates of the arriv...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Combined vertical current (w) and thermistor string data demonstrate that high-frequency internal " wave " trains along a pycnocline in a flat-bottom shelf sea consist for 2 periods of a dominant mode-1 ...

The objective of the study presented herein is to access the influence of rupture directivity on the inducement of liquefaction in loose, saturated sand. Rupture directivity is a near fault phenomenon that results in a pronounced double-sided velocity pulse in the strike normal component(s) of motion. Using the Palmgren-Miner fatigue theory, implemented for low cycle fatigue conditions, the num...

Numerical simulations are made for forced turbulence at a sequence of increasing values of Reynolds number Re keeping fixed a strongly stable, volume-mean density stratification. At smaller values of Re, the turbulent velocity is mainly horizontal, and the momentum balance is approximately cyclostrophic and hydrostatic. This is a regime dominated by so-called pancake vortices, with only a weak ...

there are large areas of the world where seismicity is high while they form the whole or parts of urban conglomeration. iran can be literally compared to a large shaking table; various parts of it have been stricken by earthquake in the last four decades(1). tehran is also expected to have a major earthquake in the near future(2). therefore, urban design criteria for earthquake preparedness i...

We report large-eddy simulations of the turbulent wake of a towed-sphere of diameter D at speed U in a linearly stratified Boussinesq fluid with buoyancy frequency N . These simulations are performed using a spectral-multidomain-penalty-method-based incompressible Navier-Stokes solver for Re ≡ UD/ν ∈ {5 × 10, 10, 4 × 10} and Fr ≡ 2U/(ND) ∈ {4, 16, 64}. Increasingly richer turbulent fine structu...

the central issue in strategy formulation and implementation process, or strategy-making, is the identification of environmental forces and the preparation of a plan of action to deal with them. this necessitates scanning the environment for gathering information. environmental scanning should enable the firm to identify these forces. doing this not only calls for information gathering, but als...

the interactive effects of adjacent buildings on their seismic performance are not frequently considered in seismic design. the adjacent buildings, however, are interrelated through the soil during seismic ground motions. the seismic energy is redistributed in the neighboring buildings through multiple structure-soil-structure interactions (sssi). for example, in an area congested with many nea...