the developmental period, prey consumption of different nymph instars, survival, reproduction and longevity of orius albidipennis were studied on three different diets including the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae plus corn pollen; two-spotted spider mite; and eggs of sitotroga cerealella plus corn pollen under laboratory conditions. leaves of pelargonium hortom served as ovipositi...

Plant terpene synthase genes (TPSs) have roles in diverse biological processes. Here, we report the functional characterization of one member of the soybean TPS gene family, which was designated GmAFS. Recombinant GmAFS produced in Escherichia coli catalysed the formation of a sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene. GmAFS is closely related to (E,E)-α-farnesene synthase gene from apple, both phylogene...

The interaction between plant viruses and non-vector arthropod herbivores is poorly understood. However, there is accumulating evidence that plant viruses can impact fitness of non-vector herbivores. In this study, we used oligonucleotide microarrays, phytohormone, and total free amino acid analyses to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between Tomato spotted wilt ...

the effect of fenpyroximate on life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae koch was evaluated under laboratory conditions (25±20c, 60±5% rh and 16:8 l:d). data were analyzed on the basis of age-stage, two-sex life table theory. the estimated value of lc50 for t. urticae was found to be 380 ml/l. durations of total preadult stage and preoviposition period in t. urticae t...

European red mites are the most frequent mite in Uzbekistan apple orchards, and they may be found from early spring through harvest. The orange-colored adults of twospotted spider overwinter beneath bark trees or on weeds. In spring, populations typically cluster tree nearby areas broadleaf weeds, brambles, sucker growth. Damage. Twospotted induce bronzing leaves. Spider leave a characteristic ...

Plants under herbivore attack are able to initiate indirect defense by synthesizing and releasing complex blends of volatiles that attract natural enemies of the herbivore. However, little is known about how plants respond to infestation by multiple herbivores, particularly if these belong to different feeding guilds. Here, we report the interference by a phloem-feeding insect, the whitefly Bem...

In this study, lambda-cyhalothrin (LC) used as a pesticide was microencapsulated with polyurethaneurea (PUU) at 55°C temperature for 180 min. Wall thickness and dimensions of the microcapsules, effect mixing speed on capsule size, active substance release times LC-PUU microencapsules under UV rays alcohol/water medium, microencapsulation yields red spider peppermint plant leaves (mentha piperit...