Abstract Implantation depends on bi-directional communication between the blastocyst and endometrium. Encoded in this is information maternal embryonic fitness, which turn can lead to activation of species-specific reproductive suppression mechanisms. For example, blastocysts over 130 mammals, although not humans, respond presence or absence specific endocrine endometrial cues by entering exiti...

background recurrent pregnancy loss (rpl) is a serious problem for pregnancy. there is evidence that vascular complications play a principal role in rpl. methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism. polymorphisms (c677t, a1298c) of mthfr gene are associated with decreased mthfr activity. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the association betwe...

Background: Normal pregnancy is thought to be dependent on Th2 deviation, while Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) and Pre-eclampsia (PE) appear to be biased toward the Th1 immune response. It is believed that the soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) is an index of Th2 immune response or modulator of Th1/Th2 responses. Objective: The aim of this study was determination of the sCD30 level in RPL and PE pati...