Influenza virus A/Hong Kong/483/97 (H5N1) (HK483-K) has the PB2 with lysine at position 627 (PB2-627K) and is highly pathogenic in chickens and mice. On the other hand, the pathogenicity of mutant virus (HK483-E), which was generated by substituting lysine with glutamic acid at the position of the PB2, is lower than that of HK483-K in mice, but is highly pathogenic in chickens. The PB2 is one o...

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are emerging as fundamental players in the regulation of neural plasticity and in pathological conditions. Here we showed that lead (Pb2+), a well known neurotoxic metal ion, reversibly and concentration-dependently inhibited ASIC currents in the acutely dissociated spinal dorsal horn and hippocampal CA1 neurons of rats. In vitro expression of ASIC subunits in ...

the pb2 protein of influenza a viruses has been shown as host range determinant. in this study pb2gene of five h9n2 isolates from tehran province during the period of 1998-2001 were partially amplifiedand sequenced to do phylogenetic study. iranian isolates could be classified in eurasian lineage according totheir pb2 gene sequences. the pb2 genes of these isolates are different from those of m...

UNLABELLED Mutations in the polymerase genes are known to play a major role in avian influenza virus adaptation to mammalian hosts. Despite having avian origin PA and PB2, the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1) can replicate well in mammalian respiratory tracts, suggesting that these proteins have acquired mutations for efficient growth in humans. We have previously shown that PA from the pH1N1 v...

the discharge of lead containing effluents into the environment and water bodies is harmful for the human, animals, aquatic flora and fauna. herein, a novel surface engineered magnetic nanoparticle for removing pb2+ ions was studied. after surface modification of the magnetite by 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane (aptes) magnetic nanoparticles with covalently linked porphyrins were synthesized. two...

Lead (Pb) has been shown to perturb Ca-mediated cellular processes. However, to date, a direct effect of Pb on intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) has not been demonstrated. 19F NMR in combination with 1,2-bis(2-amino-5-fluorophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (5F-BAPTA) was used to simultaneously measure [Ca2+]i and intracellular free Pb2+ concentration ([Pb2+]i) in the rat ...

in this work, a novel method is described for the preconcentration of pb2+, cd2+ and zn2+ ions in environmental samples using uniform silanized mesopor (lus-1) functionalized by ethylenediamine groups as a new extractant. the determination of ions is done by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (icp-oes). the extraction time and efficiency, ph and amount of adsorbent, minimu...

The potential of nitric acid modified kola nut pod adsorbent (MKNP) in removing selected heavy metals such as lead (Pb2+), cobalt (Co2+), and cadmium (Cd2+) ions from aqueous solution was investigated. FTIR spectra before after the adsorption indicates presence functional groups hydroxyl carboxylic which are responsible for its surface chemistry. percentage removal largely depends on pH, contac...