introduction: increasing costs of herbicide inputs in intensive crop production systems and the incidence of herbicide resistance in weeds have renewed interest in exploiting crop competitiveness to reduced herbicide use. two factors contribute to crop competitiveness against weeds: ability to withstand competition (awc), or the ability to maintain high yields in the presence of weeds, and weed...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of stocking density on growing-meat quail performance (experiment I) and the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) levels and stocking density on growth performance, nutrient retention, blood metabolites, and carcass weight of growing-meat quails under high ambient temperature (experiment II). Three hundred and eighty male growing-meat quails...

To investigate the mechanisms for the perception of relative numerosity, we used two-interval forced-choice (temporal 2AFC) to measure thresholds for area, density and numerosity differences between dot textures, and a 2×2 FC task to measure the ability of observers to distinguish changes in area from changes in density. To prevent the use of a one-dimensional size signal we used textures in wh...

Coyotes (Canis latrans) are reported to be less vulnerable to capture in familiar areas of territories, however, most studies do not control for trap density across the territory. We determined if accounting for trap density provided a better explanation of observed capture rates. Based on a sample of 24 captured coyotes (6 inside core areas and 18 on peripheries of occupied areas) the best fit...

The relative equilibria for the spherical, finite density three-body problem are identified. Specifically, there are 28 distinct relative equilibria in this problem which include the classical five relative equilibria for the point-mass three-body problem. None of the identified relative equilibria exist or are stable over all values of angular momentum. The stability and bifurcation pathways o...

Left hemispheric language dominance is well established, but the structural substrate for this functional asymmetry is uncertain. We report a strong asymmetry in the relative ¢ber density of the arcuate fasciculus, a white matter pathway associated with language that connects the frontal, temporal, andparietal lobes.Measured with di¡usion tensor tractography, nearly all study participants demon...

Divergence estimators based on direct approximation of density ratios without going through separate approximation of numerator and denominator densities have been successfully applied to machine learning tasks that involve distribution comparison such as outlier detection, transfer learning, and two-sample homogeneity test. However, since density-ratio functions often possess high fluctuation,...

An experimental approach for producing relative charge density maps of biological surfaces using the atomic force microscope is presented. This approach, called D minus D (D-D) mapping, uses isoforce surfaces collected at different salt concentrations to remove topography and isolate electrostatic contributions to the tip-sample interaction force. This approach is quantitative for surface poten...