Purpose The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recognizes that substance abuse in adolescents is a significant health, social, and familial issue in the United States. The increasing prevalence of substance abuse among adolescents obligates dental personnel to identify behaviors characteristic of active use, recognize clinical signs and symptoms of active use or withdrawal, modify d...

BACKGROUND While a number of preventive interventions delivered within schools have shown both short-term and long-term impact in epidemiologically based randomized field trials, programs are not often sustained with high-quality implementation over time. This study was designed to support two purposes. The first purpose was to test the effectiveness of a universal classroom-based intervention,...

Behavioral economic concepts have proven useful for an overall understanding of the regulation of behavior by environmental commodities and complements a pharmacological perspective on drug abuse in several ways. First, a quantitative assessment of drug demand, equated in terms of drug potency, allows meaningful comparisons to be made among drug reinforcers within and across pharmacological cla...

BACKGROUND Beliefs about substance use disorder (SUD) shape how patients, treatment professionals and the general public view addiction and its treatment. A U.S. developed scale exists to assess such beliefs, but it has never been tested in Norway nor normed on any general population sample. METHODS The Short Understanding of Substance Abuse Scale (SUSS) was translated from English to Norwegi...

Introduction. Taking psychoactive substances constitutes a significant problem for Public Health, particularly in preventing drug abuse and addiction. Objectives. To estimate the amount and incidence of drug consumption in middle and high school pupils, including the circumstances in which drug taking first started, and to determine pupils' knowledge about the consequences of taki...

The present study evaluates the utility and issues around the composite scores in Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD). Participants were Swedish normal adolescents (121) and adolescents manifesting antisocial problems (1,168), ages 10 to 21. The results show that the interviewer severity ratings seem to be the most appropriate outcome when the objective is to differentiate between normal and...

While many behavioral capacities decline with age, few can be readily noticed in the early stages of aging. Visual motion processing is particularly sensitive to aging; yet it is unclear whether decline in motion processing can be used to index the visual aging process in its early stages. We examined performance in 63 healthy individuals on a series of motion-related visual tasks, in a large a...

In 1997, 248 urban university students in central Massachusetts rated responsibility for addiction using the Attributions of Responsibility for Addiction Scale (ARAS), developed for this study with university-based financial support. The vignette-based factorial design varied sex of drug user and type of addictive substance. Factor analysis yielded two subscales: internal and external responsib...

OBJECTIVES This paper focuses to describe the role and activities of Drug Rehabilitation Centres (DRCs) in reducing the drug-abuse problem in Dharan. It also offers suggestions for increasing the effectiveness of prevention programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records of three DRCs working in Dharan for the past 9 years were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. RESULTS The yearly clean ...