BACKGROUND Patients frequently fail to receive adequate pain relief from, or are intolerant of, first-line therapies prescribed for neuropathic pain (NeP). This refractory chronic pain causes psychological distress and impacts patient quality of life. Published literature for treatment in refractory patients is sparse and often published as conference abstracts only. The aim of this study was t...

Symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is managed medically worldwide, but transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is the gold standard in refractory cases. Holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP), laser vaporization are other options which are widely practiced. However in larger glands which are more than 80 g, open adenomectomy is still practiced. Laparoscopic adenomectomy is...

It has been over 60 years since Australian psychiatrist John Cade first described lithium’s therapeutic role in manic illness. Cade’s seminal 1949 article described the impact of lithium salts in resolving “psychotic excitement” in 10 manic patients. Since this discovery, lithium has become a gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder, with evidence supporting its role in acute mania, depress...

how to cite this article: mollamohammadi m, tonekaboni sh, pirzadeh z, vahedian m . pregabalin in childhood epilepsy: a clinical trialiran j child neurol. 2014 autumn;8(4): 62-65. abstract objective the prevalence of active epilepsy is about 0.5–1%, and approximately 70% of patients are cured with first anti-epileptic drugs and the remaining patients need multiple drugs. pregabalin as an add-on...

Fibromyalgia is a common chronic widespread pain disorder for which there remains no gold standard treatment option. Here, we report a case of fibromyalgia in a female patient whose pain was refractory to treatment options such as a radiofrequency ablation, opioid analgesics and other pharmacotherapies. The patient commenced an experimental intravenous ketamine infusion therapy at the Florida S...

Open aortic repair is considered the "gold standard" treatment for aortic occlusive disease. We present the case of an 83-year-old patient with refractory hypertension caused by paravisceral aortic stenosis including both renal arteries and the superior mesenteric artery. We planned an endovascular approach and treated the patient with parallel stent grafts in the paravisceral aorta. At 1.5 yea...

Our understanding of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) as a disease entity has increased dramatically over the last half century. There has been a concerted effort by several surgical groups to develop operative techniques to relieve left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and alleviate symptoms. This paper traces the development of transaortic septal myectomy, the current gold standa...

Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) is a pain disorder for which there remains no gold standard treatment option. Here, we report a case of PTLDS in a female patient whose pain was refractory to treatment options such as radiofrequency ablation, vitamin infusion therapy, opioid analgesics, and other pharmacotherapies. The patient commenced an experimental intravenous ketamine infusion ...

The management of prostate cancer is one of the core tasks for urologists today. This review focuses on therapeutic options for the curative and palliative treatment of prostate cancer. Within the area of urological competence, radical prostatectomy remains the standard procedure for the curative treatment of localised prostate cancer. Recently, interest in minimally-invasive procedures such as...

Introduction Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited febrile illness that mainly affecting smallto medium-sized vessels and occurs in early childhood. The etiology is currently unknown, however it likely results from an immunologic response triggered by microbial agents, with documented genetic susceptibility. Intravenous administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the gold standard ther...