Introduction: Wedge filters are commonly used in radiation oncology for eliminating hot spots and creating a uniform dose distribution in optimizing isodose curves in the target volume for clinical aspects. These are some limited standard physical wedges (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°), or creating an arbitrary wedge angle, like motorized wedge or dynamic wedge, ... The new formulation is...

OBJECTIVE To determine the magnitude of the growth retardation in Dutch monozygotic and dizygotic twins during infancy in comparison with the Dutch reference growth charts for general population infants from 1997 and to construct reference growth charts for twins. DESIGN Descriptive. METHOD The growth of twins was studied using longitudinal data on over 4000 Dutch twin pairs from birth unti...

BACKGROUND The validity of the entire renal function tests as a diagnostic tool depends substantially on the Biological Reference Interval (BRI) of urea. Establishment of BRI of urea is difficult partly because exclusion criteria for selection of reference data are quite rigid and partly due to the compartmentalization considerations regarding age and sex of the reference individuals. Moreover,...

OBJECTIVE To generate a new body mass index curve of reference values and ranges for body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy and to compare the new curve and weight gain ranges with the currently used references. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted with a total of 5,656 weight and body mass index measurements in 641 women with single pregnancy who attended their f...

For nearly 20 years, looking at the tangent point on the road edge has been prominent in models of visual orientation in curve driving. It is the most common interpretation of the commonly observed pattern of car drivers looking through a bend, or at the apex of the curve. Indeed, in the visual science literature, visual orientation towards the inside of a bend has become known as "tangent poin...

PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of a Brazilian reference curve of fundal height (FH) regarding its capacity of screening the deviations of volume of amniotic fluid using a Brazilian reference curve of amniotic fluid index (AFI) as gold standard. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study evaluating 753 pregnant women receiving prenatal care at the public health services of João Pessoa (PB),...

Considering the advancement of medical sciences, diagnostic tests have been developed to distinguish patients from healthy population. Therefore, Determining and evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy tests is of great importance. The accuracy of a test under evaluation is determined through the amount of agreement between its results with the results of the gold standard, and this test accuracy...

These tables record results on curves with many points over finite fields. For relatively small genus (0 ≤ g ≤ 50) and q a small power of 2 or 3 we give in two tables the best presently known bounds for Nq(g), the maximum number of rational points on a smooth absolutely irreducible projective curve of genus g over a field Fq of cardinality q. In additional tables we list for a given pair (g, q)...