Widespread commercialization of PCM-based latent heat storage systems is limited by the low melting and solidification rates during phase transition process. In this study, fins are used to enhance change A parametric study conducted understand effect on thermal performance vertically- horizontally-oriented rectangular tanks. Throughout simulations, fin volume, thereby mass PCM in tank, were ke...

The adoption and adaptation of enclosures in the arid and semi-arid rangelands of sub-Saharan Africa is driven and sustained by a combination of factors. However, reviews indicate that these factors cannot be generalized, as they tend to be case specific. A study was therefore conducted to explore the history and reasons for enclosure establishment in Chepareria, a formerly degraded communal ra...

We evaluated the potential for grazers to regulate benthic algal biomass and taxonomic composition in an Alaskan marsh after enrichment with nutrients that are expected to increase in the region with ongoing climate change. We nested caged and uncaged substrates together inside mesocosm enclosures with natural abundances of snails or no snails and with or without nutrient enrichment (NO3 + PO4 ...

The use of toxic bait to kill adult Aedes albopictus is a safe and potentially effective alternative to the use of synthetic chemical insecticides. This study was carried out to determine effective concentrations of boric acid needed in sugar bait solutions applied to plant surfaces, and to determine its residual effect in reducing adult mosquito densities. In outdoor tests in 1,100-m3 screened...

Verified integration of initial value problems for sets of ordinary differential equations can be performed by numerous approaches. The most important ones are based on either interval or Taylor model arithmetic and enclose with certainty the sets of reachable states at a given point of time. Commonly, such tools are based on a Taylor series expansion of the solution of differential equations i...

Partial migration, variation in the percentage of a population that completes a migration, can be influenced by the local environment and condition of an individual. We examined the direct and interacting effects of habitat quality and gender on migration decision by manipulating population density and sex ratio in a factorial field experiment using aquatic enclosures. In partially migrating re...

In this paper, we describe the application of a self-organizing network to the robot which learns to recognize rooms (enclosures) using behavior sequences. In robotics research, most studies on recognizing environments have tried to build the precise geometric map with high sensitive sensors. However many natural agents like animals recognize the environments with low sensitive sensors, and a g...

Effects of elevated pCO₂ on Emiliania huxleyi genetic diversity and the viruses that infect E. huxleyi (EhVs) have been investigated in large volume enclosures in a Norwegian fjord. Triplicate enclosures were bubbled with air enriched with CO₂ to 760 ppmv whilst the other three enclosures were bubbled with air at ambient pCO₂; phytoplankton growth was initiated by the addition of nitrate and ph...

Forest clearcutting is a form of habitat alteration that drastically alters the landscape and may contribute to declines in amphibian populations. Indeed, many studies have documented decreases in amphibian abundances and species richness in clearcuts. The development of effective conservation strategies to reduce the effects of timber harvesting has been hindered by lack of knowledge of the me...

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are ubiquitous when modeling continuous dynamics. Classical numerical methods compute approximations of the solution, however without any guarantees on the quality of the approximation. Nevertheless, methods have been developed that are supposed to compute enclosures of the solution. In this paper, we demonstrate that enclosures of the solution can be veri...