Myxococcus xanthus displays a form of surface motility known as social (S) gliding. It is mediated by the type IV pilus (T4P) and requires the exopolysaccharide (EPS) to function. It is clear that T4P retraction powers S motility. EPS on a neighboring cell or deposited on a gliding surface is proposed to anchor the distal end of a pilus and trigger T4P retraction at its proximal end. Inversely,...

Myxococcus xanthus fibrils are cell surface-associated structures composed of roughly equal amounts of polysaccharide and protein. The level of M. xanthus polysaccharide production under different conditions in the wild type and in several mutants known to have alterations in fibril production was investigated. Wild-type exopolysaccharide increased significantly as cells entered the stationary ...

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the major tropical fruit crops worldwide, but it is limited throughout its range by papaya ringspot virus type P (PRSV-P). Previous genetic studies identified a functional PRSV-P resistance marker in a mapping population of F2 plants of Vasconcellea pubescens (resistant to PRSV-P) × Vasconcellea parviflora (susceptible to PRSV-P) and showed that the marker ex...

The MST/Salvador-Warts-Hippo and mTOR/Akt/PI3K growth signaling pathways have been established as important modulators of cell growth, proliferation and cell survival in controlling organ size in Drosophila and mammals. Here, we sought to determine the role of the MST family of kinases, some of which are components of the Hippo pathway, and their closely related Sterile 20-like kinases (STK) as...

Let C+ := {s ∈ C | Re(s) ≥ 0} and let A denote the Banach algebra A = ( s(∈ C+) 7→ b fa(s) + ∞ X k=0 fke −stk ̨̨̨̨ fa ∈ L(0,∞), (fk)k≥0 ∈ `, 0 = t0 < t1 < t2 < . . . ) equipped with pointwise operations and the norm: ‖f‖ = ‖fa‖L1 + ‖(fk)k≥0‖`1 , f(s) = b fa(s) + ∞ X k=0 fke −stk (s ∈ C+). (Here b fa denotes the Laplace transform of fa.) It is shown that, endowed with the Gelfand topology, the maxim...

Regional deposition of particles in an image-based airway model: Cfd simulation and left-right lung ventilation asymmetry. who were always willing to lend a helping hand and share their thoughts with me. I would also like to thank Dr. Merryn Tawhai and Dr. Eric Hoffman, whose cross-disciplinary work on this project made this study possible. Figure A6: Overall deposition efficiency vs. (a) parti...

A 46-year-old female presents with a pelvic mass and is diagnosed as having a high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. During surgery, she is noted to have areas of intussusception of the small bowel secondary to large hamartomatous polyps. The patient had a previous history of small bowel obstruction secondary to what had been thought to be hyperplastic polyps but represented hamartomatous poly...

The geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) is susceptible to orbit perturbations, leading to orbit drifts and variations. The influences behave very differently from those in low Earth orbit (LEO) SAR. In this paper, the impacts of perturbations on GEO SAR orbital elements are modelled based on the perturbed dynamic equations, and then, the focusing is analyzed theoretically and nume...