Introduce electronic control exhaust gas recirculation EGR system in the passenger cars and light duty vehicles was made because of fuel direct injectionengines. In this engines temperature combustion process is a higher then other type engine and in this connections NO, emissions were higher to. Simultaneously was appearing problems to electronic exhaust gas recirculation control in connection...

The purification capacity of a laboratory scale tidal flow reed bed system with final effluent recirculation at a ratio of 1:1 was investigated in this study. In particular, the four-stage reed bed system was heavily loaded with strong agricultural wastewater. Under the hydraulic and organic loading rates of 0.43 m3/m2.d and 1055 gCOD/m2.d, respectively, the average removal efficiencies obtaine...

On July 25, 2012, SBV infection was identified in a cow in Jura Canton in the northwestern, French-speaking region of Switzerland (Romandie) (7). A serologic study conducted in the United Kingdom showed that several cattle and sheep seroconverted for SBV in 2012 (8). However, our data show that SBV survived the winter, when midge numbers decreased. The precise mechanisms of SBV overwintering ar...

There is an increasing need to operate power plants at low load for longer periods of time. When a once-through boiler operates at a sufficiently low load, recirculation is introduced, significantly altering the control structure. This paper illustrates the possibilities for using constrained control to obtain optimal load gradients in the recirculation mode. A model predictive controller is de...

PURPOSE Hemodynamic factors, such as Wall Shear Stress (WSS), play a substantial role in arterial diseases. In the larger arteries, such as the carotid artery, interaction between the vessel wall and blood flow affects the distribution of hemodynamic factors. The fluid is considered to be non-Newtonian, whose flow is governed by the equation of a second-grade viscoelastic fluid and the effects ...

Recovery of brain mitochondrial function was studied following forebrain ischemia induced in rats by common carotid artery occlusion in combination with hypotension caused by bleeding. A reversible insult was induced by 15-min ischemia in fasted animals (hypoglycemic ischemia), and an irreversible one by 30-min ischemia in fed animals (normoglycemic ischemia), the latter procedure causing exagg...

This study considers water use by Canadian manufacturing firms. The estimation of water demands is based on a detailed crosssectional survey of establishment-level observations on water prices, quantities, and expenditures. Industrial water use is modeled as having four components: intake, treatment prior to use, recirculation, and discharge. Average values for the estimated own-price elasticit...

Two landfill bioreactors were operated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in a thermo-insulated room at a constant temperature of 32 degrees C. Reactors were filled with 19.5 kg of shredded synthetic solid waste prepared according to the average municipal solid waste compositions determined in Istanbul and operated under wet-tomb management strategy by using leachate recirculation. Aerobic ...

Introduction Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MR perfusion is based on the indicator dilution theorem for non-diffusible tracers.[1,2] A common misconception is that tracer recirculation cannot occur in order to make use of the underlying theory (i.e., analysis of the tracer kinetics must be “firstpass”).[3-13] As a result, there have been a number of approaches suggested for removing trac...