Cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys are utilized to make dental prosthesis. Casting CoCr is a common operation in dentistry laboratories due its low cost. surplus (metal remaining the sprue and crucible former) frequently reused by reduce recycle metal waste. However, quality safety of these recast require further information. Microbial attachment surface prostheses may affect safety. Biofilm formati...

To ensure the reliability of power systems, independent system operator (ISO) manages planning process maintenance generation units for companies (GENCOs). This paper focuses on a widely studied two-layer long-term predictive decision making framework in deregulated environment. In first layer ISO-wide schedule is optimized GENCOs, targeting minimal total cost and degradation statuses. second l...

Abstract Femtosecond laser ablation has been demonstrated to be a versatile tool produce micro/nanoscale features with high precision and accuracy. However, the use of fluence increase efficiency usually results in unwanted effects, such as redeposition debris, formation recast layer, heat‐affected zone or around craters. Here this limitation is circumvented by exploiting thin frost layer thick...

Inconel 625 superalloy and stainless steel 304 are known for their significant corrosion resistance along with high hardness strength. Therefore, they used in a wide range of industries, including oil gas nuclear. Electrical discharge machining is among the most widely processes these metals. However, this process has limitations, such as low material removal efficiency, surface roughness, form...

Previous works for a liquid suddenly contacting gas at supercritical pressure show the coexistence of both phases and generation diffusion layers on sides liquid-gas interface due to local thermodynamic phase equilibrium. A related numerical study laminar mixing layer between streams in near field splitter plate suggests that mass, momentum thermal evolve self-similar manner very high pressures...