This paper presents the application of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to a simulated industrial batch reactor subject to safety and productivity constraints due to swelling. The catalyst used in the chemical process decomposes in the reactor; therefore it is fed in discrete time steps during the batch. Although the optimal reactor temperature profile, using a fixed catalyst dosing po...

Nowadays, reactor runaway is still a crucial phenomen from the safety viewpoint. About 120 scientific journal articles are published every year in last decade which thermal keyword. The possible cause and consequences of adressed where worst case explosion reactor. Prevention steps to avoid development include appropriate design reactor, operation strategy an early warning detection system. ava...

The fusion-fission hybrid system has the potential attractiveness of good safety performances and plenty of fuel compared to the fission reactor system and also easing the requirement of fusion plasma technology. It is a practical path to the early fusion application for energy production. In this paper, a fusion-driven subcritical reactor for energy multiplier, named FDS-EM, is proposed. It ca...

The AHTR is a pool-type reactor with graphite matrix coated-particle fuel and a clean molten salt coolant [1]. Due to the very high thermal inertia provided by the pool configuration and molten-salt coolant of the AHTR, the thermal power of the AHTR can be substantially higher than an equivalent gas-cooled reactor, likely exceeding 2000 MW(t). The AHTR, with a molten-salt intermediate loop and ...

The aim of this research is to control the reactor temperature of an exothermic batch process. During the process, large amount of heat will be released rapidly when the reactants are mixed together. The exothermic behaviour causes the reaction to become unstable and consequently poses safety concern to the plant personnel. In practice, heat is needed to speed up the reaction rate so that the o...

The monitoring of detailed 3-Dimensional (3D) core power distribution is a prerequisite for the operation of nuclear power reactors to ensure that various safety limits imposed on the fuel pellets and fuel clad barriers, such as the Local Power Density (LPD) and the Departure from the Nucleate Boiling Ratio (DNBR), are not violated during the reactor’s operation. The LPD and DNBR need to be cal...

The strong interconnection and interrelation of safety and security properties of industrial system which are based on programmable logic (field programmable gate arrays, FPGA) is reviewed. Information security, i.e. system's ability to protect the information and data from unauthorized access and modification, is a subordinate property with respect to safety of many instrumentation and control...

______________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Probabilistic safety requirements currently formulated or proposed for space systems, nuclear reactor systems, nuclear weapon systems, and other types of systems that have a low probability potential for high consequence accidents depend on showing that the probability of such accidents is below a specified...

In the Risk-Informed Safety Margin Characterization (RISMC) approach we want to understand not just the frequency of an event like core damage, but how close we are (or are not) to key safety-related events and how might we increase our safety margins. The RISMC Pathway uses the probabilistic margin approach to quantify impacts to reliability and safety by coupling both probabilistic (via stoch...

Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR), a 500 MWe, sodium cooled, fast breeder reactor is in advanced stage of construction at Kalpakkam, TamilNadu. The different types of subassemblies are handled with different fuel handling machines, inside and outside the reactor vessel. Spent subassembly Storage bay Transfer Machine (SSTM), is one such machine that handles spent fuel subassemblies, blankets...