T he Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathways are key mechanisms for controlling cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, motility, stemness, and are often deregulated in human cancers (Mendoza et al, 2011). In response to agonist activation of receptors, these two pathways crosstalk to regulate common downstrea...

background: recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is the most common inflammatory ulcerative condition of oral cavity. the aim of this study was to compare the levels of the salivary malondialdehyde (mda) and total antioxidant capacity (tac) and blood parameter in ras versus healthy controls. methods: this case-control study consisted of 28 patients with ras and 28 age and sex -matched control wi...

background: endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy that has often proceeded by a premalignant phase. modern molecular and immune staining methods for precancerous lesions diagnosis have been expanded. one of the genetic alternations in the endometrial cancer carcinogenesis is the mutational activation of the k-ras oncogene. k-ras mutation has recognized to occur at an earl...

We previously reported (T. Enomoto et al., Cancer Res., 50: 6139-6145, 1990; T. Enomoto et al., Cancer Res., 51: 5308-5314, 1991) a significant frequency of activating point mutations in codon 12 of the c-K-ras-2 protooncogene in endometrial adenocarcinoma and its premalignant precursor lesions (series 1 and 2). To reveal the role of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in the development of endometri...

Although bladder cancer (BC) was the cancer from which the first human oncogene, RAS, was identified, questions persisted over the past 35 years as to whether RAS activation in urothelium was tumorigenic [1]. This was due in large part to the relatively low frequency (~15%) and lack of grade and stage association of RAS mutations in human BC [2]. However, the tide is turning recently in favor o...

We read with great interest the article by Khan et al. [1] reporting the results of a pilot clinical trial of administrating recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Current research has been focused on the involvement of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis and clinical outcomes of ARDS and, in particular,...

RESUMEN Debido a que la información sobre el uso de fungicidas para control roya asiática soja (RAS) en Paraguay es escasa, objetivo este trabajo fue evaluar efecto 18 tratamientos (fungicidas sitio-específicos aplicados forma aislada y combinación con mancozeb) RAS. Se realizaron dos ensayos La Paloma (Canindeyú, Paraguay) épocas siembra (S1: 10/10/2018 S2: 20/01/2019) bajo un diseño factorial...