We present a two-dimensional model of ion implantation which accounts for position dependent lateral moments. The lateral standard deviation and the lateral kurtosis as a function of depth have been calculated by two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations for boron, phosphorus, arsenic and antimony in silicon for energies in the range of 10 to 300 keV. The lateral moments as a function of depth an...

PURPOSE To study the energy deposition by low-energy electrons in submicron tissue-equivalent targets by comparing two widely used methodologies, namely, the continuous-slowing-down-approximation (CSDA) convolution integral and the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. METHODS An MC track-structure code that simulates collision-by-collision the complete slowing down process is used to calculate the en...

The feasibility of using PET for proton dose monitoring is examined here in detail. First experimental studies in a Lucite phantom have been performed at the medical TRIUMF proton beamline for proton energies of 62 MeV and 110 MeV. The proton dose delivered to the phantom ranged from 16 Gy up to 317 Gy. The induced activity was analysed 20-40 min after the irradiation with a PET scanner. The ob...

The failure of x-ray diagnostic techniques to accurately detect tumors and other regions of abnormal density in soft tissue has been, for many years, a significant shortcoming of this important technique in medicine. Accelerated heavy particles with plastics for track detection can be used to record small differences in density in soft tissues which may correspond to biological structures and a...

Distributed computing accomplished broad appropriation because of consequently parallelizing and transparently executing tasks in distributed environments. Straggling tasks is an essential test confronted by all Big Data Processing Frameworks for example MapReduce, Dryad, and Spark. Stragglers are the assignments that run much slower than different tasks and since a job completes just when it’s...

As a step in a larger program of muon cooling R&D, we propose to study ionization cooling of 170-MeV/c muons in LH2 and LiH absorbers inside a 2-2.5 T solenoid magnet but without rf acceleration (“minicooling”). The required flux of muons is small, such that only one muon is in the apparatus at a time; the desired muon bunch will be reconstructed offline via software. This study will validate t...

Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport is a very powerful technique. There are basically no exact analytical solutions to the Boltzmann Transport equation. Even the "straightforward" situation (in radiotherapy) of an electron beam depth-dose distribution in water proves to be too difficult for analytical methods without making gross approximations such as ignoring energy-loss straggling,...