Based on the physical randomization of completely randomized experiments, in a recent article in Statistics in Medicine, Rigdon and Hudgens propose two approaches to obtaining exact confidence intervals for the average causal effect on a binary outcome. They construct the first confidence interval by combining, with the Bonferroni adjustment, the prediction sets for treatment effects among trea...

The running time for solving constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) and propositional satisfiability problems (SAT) using systematic backtracking search has been shown to exhibit great variability. Randomization and restarts is an effective technique for reducing such variability to achieve better expected performance. Several restart strategies have been proposed and studied in previous work a...

We consider inductive inference learning of recursive computable functions Here the power of probabilistic algorithms increases as the probability of success decrease The pattern of this increase depends on the exact requirements about learning algorithm Typically the interval of success probabilities can be split into subintervals such that the power of algorithms with the success probabilitie...

This article explores the role of randomization in the solution of robot manipulation tasks. Randomization refers to the random selection and execution of an action from a collection of possible actions. The intention is that this collection contains some actions that are useful for making progress toward accomplishing a task, but that the precise identity of these useful actions is unknown. Ra...