introduction: raisin is a principal traditional export product of iran and has a special position in the foreign trade of the country.during storage, the product turns sticky and hard due to exudates syrup and moisture loss. to solve this problem, the application of edible coating would be an appropriatesolution. edible coating may enhance the boundary layer resistance resulting to the enhanced...

1. We investigated the diversity and distribution of freshwater mussels at 40 sites in an agricultural catchment, the River Raisin in south-eastern Michigan, to relate mussel assemblages and individual taxa to reach and catchment-scale variables. Unionids were surveyed by timed searches in 100-m reaches, and in-stream and riparian habitat were quantified as well as flow, water chemistry and cha...