Hydrogeomorphic controls on runoff in a temperate swamp S. C. Kaufman, J. M. Waddington, and B. A. Branfireun McMaster University, School of Geography and Geology, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada University of Toronto at Mississauga, Department of Geography, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada Received: 7 March 2005 – Accepted: 16 March 200...

runoff simulation is a vital issue in water resource planning and management. various models with different levels of accuracy and precision are developed for this purpose considering various prediction time scales. in this paper, two models of ihacres (identification of unit hydrographs and component flows from rainfall, evaporation and streamflow data) and ann (artificial neural network) mode...

rainfall-runoff is one of complex hydrological processes that is affected by a variety of physical and hydrological factors. in this study statistical method armax model, neural network, neuro-fuzzy (anfis subtractive clustering and grid partition) and two hybrid models of this methods were used to simulate rainfall-runoff and prediction of streamflow. in each method optimum structure was deter...

the discharge of total suspended sediments (tss) and dissolved nutrients from watersheds into receiving waters is a serious problem when natural vegetation is degraded by agriculture or overgrazing. this study was conducted in soolegan watershed to investigate land use change and overgrazing effects on phosphorus loss (dissolved & particulate), particle size associated loss of p and effect of t...

Infiltration of runoff at the plot-scale is increasingly considered as an effective tool to improve urban water management. As a consequence, authorities in different countries adopt regulations prescribing the infiltration of stormwater in new developments. Here we apply a simple sizing procedure for plotscale infiltration facilities to examine the consequences, in terms of implementation, of ...

We suggest a new approach to narrowing the field in elections, based on the ’deservingness’ of candidates to be contenders in a runoff, or to be declared one of several winners. Instead of specifying some minimum percentage (e.g., 50) that the leading candidate must surpass to avoid a runoff (usually between the top two candidates), we propose that the number of contenders depends on the distri...

Of the 26 state capitals, 15 were decided in the first round, and 11 races will be decided in a second round runoff on 29 Oct. Under the 1988 Constitution, runoffs are required in the 57 cities with over 200,000 voters, if no candidate achieves an absolute majority. In addition to the 11 state capitals, 20 of these other larger cities will also have runoffs. In these 31 runoff elections the PT ...

We introduce a tractable multi-issue model of electoral competition in which candidates are exogenously committed to particular positions on a subset of issues, while they can choose a sequence of binary positions for the remaining issues to maximize their winning probability. A majorityefficient position is defined as one where a candidate cannot make a majority of the electorate better off, t...

..........................................................................................iii Acknowledgments................................................................................v Table of