runoff estimation is one of the main challenges encountered in water and watershed management. spatial and temporal changes of factors which influence runoff due to het-erogeneity of the basins explain the complicacy of relations. artificial neural network (ann) is one of the intelligence techniques which is flexible and doesn’t call for any much physically complex processes. these networks can...

rainfall-runoff is one of complex hydrological processes that is affected by a variety of physical and hydrological factors. in this study statistical method armax model, neural network, neuro-fuzzy (anfis subtractive clustering and grid partition) and two hybrid models of this methods were used to simulate rainfall-runoff and prediction of streamflow. in each method optimum structure was deter...

Most runoff and soil erosion models take into account rainfall intensity, since higher storm intensities lead to greater runoff and losses of soil due to erosion. Accurate prediction of soil erosion requires rainfall intensity data with a high temporal resolution. This places a restriction on the simulation of soil erosion, since high temporal resolution data are usually not available. One way ...

Multiple linear regressions are used to relate average annual runoff to average annual rainfall and areal potential evapotranspiration (PET) using data from 213 catchments grouped according to location in six of the major Drainage Divisions of Australia. A method is presented for estimating daily runoff from daily rainfall data using the AWBM model, which self-calibrates its surface storage par...

Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted on annual grassland and coastal sage scrub hillslopes to determine the quantities of C and N removed by surface runoff in sediment and solution. Undisturbed coastal sage scrub soils have very high infiltration capacities (> 140 mm h(-1)), preventing the generation of surface runoff. Trampling disturbance to the sage scrub plots dramatically reduced...

Time-series analysis techniques for improving the real-time flood forecasts issued by a deterministic lumped rainfall-runoff model are presented. Such techniques are applied for forecasting the short-term future rainfall to be used as real-time input in a rainfall-runoff model and for updating the discharge predictions provided by the model. Along with traditional linear stochastic models, both...

soil erosion is an abstruse phenomenon which contains segregation and transmission of soil particles and runoff from rainfall and infiltration. runoff and sediment generation was compared using rainfall simulator in grassland (st. parviflora-br. tomentellus) and shrubland (as. parrowianus-as. gossipinus). for this purpose, vegetation map was supplied for two vegetation types four main aspects a...

Rainfall-runoff modelling is a useful tool for water resources management. This study presents a simple daily rainfall-runoff model, based on the water balance equation, which we apply to the 11,630 km2 Lesser Zab catchment in northeast Iraq. The model was forced by either observed daily rain gauge data from four stations in the catchment or satellite-derived rainfall estimates from two TRMM Mu...

The current study was aimed to investigate the mercury pollution in urban road runoff. A total of 34 rainfall events were monitored on 5 independent road catchments from 2015 to 2016 in Nanjing city, China. Events mean concentrations of mercury and the impact factors of mercury pollution in urban road runoff were also carried out in the current study. Results revealed that the concentration of ...